Case you're interested only on the device type detection based on the useragent string and don't need all the express related stuff, then use the device package (https://www.npmjs.com/package/device) which was refactored from express-device for that purpose.
I'm really into node.js and lately I've been playing a lot with it. One of the steps I wanted to take in my learning path was to build a node.js module and published it to npm.
Then I had an idea: why not develop a server side library to mimic the behaviour that Twitter's Bootstrap has in order to identify where a browser is running on a desktop, tablet or phone. This is great for a responsive design, but on the server side.
First I started to search how I could parse the user-agent string and how to differentiate tablets from smartphones. I found a couple good references, such as:
- http://www.useragentstring.com/pages/useragentstring.php
- http://detectmobilebrowsers.com/
- http://www.quirksmode.org/js/detect.html
- http://googlewebmastercentral.blogspot.pt/2011/03/mo-better-to-also-detect-mobile-user.html
- http://www.htmlgoodies.com/beyond/webmaster/toolbox/article.php/3888106/How-Can-I-Detect-the-iPhone--iPads-User-Agent.htm
- http://windowsteamblog.com/windows_phone/b/wpdev/archive/2011/08/29/introducing-the-ie9-on-windows-phone-mango-user-agent-string.aspx
But then I came across with Brett Jankord's blog. He developed Categorizr which is what I was trying to do for node.js but for PHP. He has the code hosted at Github. So, express-device parsing methods (to extract device type) are based on Categorizr. Also I've used all of his user-agent strings compilation to build my unit tests.
From v0.4.0 express-device only works with express >= v4.x.x and node >= v0.10. To install it you only need to do:
$ npm install express-device
Case you're using express 3.x.x you should install version 0.3.13:
$ npm install [email protected]
Case you're using express 2.x.x you should install version 0.1.2:
$ npm install [email protected]
express-device is built on top of express framework. Here's an example on how to configure express to use it:
var device = require('express-device');
app.set('view engine', 'ejs');
app.set('view options', { layout: false });
app.set('views', __dirname + '/views');
app.use(bodyParser());
app.use(device.capture());By doing this you're enabling the request object to have a property called device, which have the following properties:
| Name | Field Type | Description | Possible Values |
| type | string | It gets the device type for the current request | desktop, tv, tablet, phone, bot or car |
| name | string | It gets the device name for the current request | Example: iPhone. If the option parseUserAgent is set to false, then it will return an empty string |
Since version 0.3.4 you can now override some options when calling device.capture(). It accepts an object with only the config options (the same that the device supports) you which to override (go here for some examples). The ones you don't override it will use the default values. Here's the list with the available config options:
| Name | Field Type | Description | Possible Values |
| emptyUserAgentDeviceType | string | Device type to be returned whenever the request has an empty user-agent. Defaults to desktop. | desktop, tv, tablet, phone, bot or car |
| unknownUserAgentDeviceType | string | Device type to be returned whenever the request user-agent is unknown. Defaults to phone. | desktop, tv, tablet, phone, bot or car |
| botUserAgentDeviceType | string | Device type to be returned whenever the request user-agent belongs to a bot. Defaults to bot. | desktop, tv, tablet, phone, bot or car |
| carUserAgentDeviceType | string | Device type to be returned whenever the request user-agent belongs to a car. Defaults to car. | desktop, tv, tablet, phone, bot or car |
| parseUserAgent | string | Configuration to parse the user-agent string using the useragent npm package. It's needed in order to get the device name. Defaults to false. | true | false |
express-device can also add some variables to the response locals property that will help you to build a responsive design:
| is_desktop | It returns true in case the device type is "desktop"; false otherwise |
| is_phone | It returns true in case the device type is "phone"; false otherwise |
| is_tablet | It returns true in case the device type is "tablet"; false otherwise |
| is_mobile | It returns true in case the device type is "phone" or "tablet"; false otherwise |
| is_tv | It returns true in case the device type is "tv"; false otherwise |
| is_bot | It returns true in case the device type is "bot"; false otherwise |
| is_car | It returns true in case the device type is "car"; false otherwise |
| device_type | It returns the device type string parsed from the request |
| device_name | It returns the device name string parsed from the request |
Here's an example on how to use them (using EJS view engine):
<html>
<head>
<title><%= title %></title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Hello World!</h1>
<% if (is_desktop) { %>
<p>You're using a desktop</p>
<% } %>
<% if (is_phone) { %>
<p>You're using a phone</p>
<% } %>
<% if (is_tablet) { %>
<p>You're using a tablet</p>
<% } %>
<% if (is_tv) { %>
<p>You're using a tv</p>
<% } %>
<% if (is_bot) { %>
<p>You're using a bot</p>
<% } %>
<% if (is_car) { %>
<p>You're using a car</p>
<% } %>
</body>
</html>You can check a full working example here.
In version 0.3.0 a cool feature was added: the ability to route to a specific view\layout based on the device type (you must pass the app reference to device.enableViewRouting(app) to set it up). Consider the code below:
.
|-- views
|-- phone
| |-- layout.ejs
| `-- index.ejs
|-- layout.ejs
`-- index.ejs
And this code:
var device = require('express-device');
app.set('view engine', 'ejs');
app.set('view options', { layout: true });
app.set('views', __dirname + '/views');
app.use(bodyParser());
app.use(device.capture());
device.enableViewRouting(app);
app.get('/', function(req, res) {
res.render('index.ejs');
})If the request comes from a phone device then the response will render views/phone/index.ejs view with views/phone/layout.ejs as layout. If it comes from another type of device then it will render the default views/index.ejs with the default views/index.ejs. Simply add a folder below your views root with the device type code (phone, tablet, tv or desktop) for the device type overrides. Several combinations are supported. Please check the tests for more examples.
You also have an ignore option:
app.get('/', function(req, res) {
res.render('index.ejs', { ignoreViewRouting: true });
})There's a way to force a certain type of device in a specific request. In the example I'm forcing a desktop type and the view rendering engine will ignore the parsed type and render as if it was a desktop that made the request. You can use all the supported device types.
app.get('/', function(req, res) {
res.render('index.ejs', { forceType: 'desktop' });
})View routing feature uses the express-partials module for layout detection. If you would like to turn it off, you can use the noPartials option (be advised that by doing this you can no longer use the master\partial layout built into express-device, but you can route to full views):
var device = require('express-device');
app.set('view engine', 'ejs');
app.set('view options', { layout: true });
app.set('views', __dirname + '/views');
app.use(express.bodyParser());
app.use(device.capture());
device.enableViewRouting(app, {
"noPartials":true
});
app.get('/', function(req, res) {
res.render('index.ejs');
})- @rguerreiro
- @aledbf
- @ryansully
- @lyxsus
- @dsyph3r
- @davo11122
- @esco
- @Saicheg
- @brycekahle
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- @Sitebase
- @lennym
- @hansmaad
Currently express-device is on version 0.4.2. In order to add more features I'm asking anyone to contribute with some ideas. If you have some of your own please feel free to mention it here.
But I prefer that you make your contribution with some pull requests ;)
(The MIT License)
Copyright (c) 2012-2015 Rodrigo Guerreiro
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the 'Software'), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
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