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Привет! Идея именно такова. Есть идея, как превратить спекулятивную часть криптовалюты в донаты. Фактически люди покупаю её, автоматически будут делать вклад в пожертвования через повышение стоимости.
В общем, идея проста и в то же время такого ещё никто не делал. Плюс фишка, которая вызовет массовый людской интерес. Напиши мне пожалуйста на allcollect собака mail точка ru

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https://vitalik.ca/ is unreachable since yesterday.

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Nothing.

I think that some categories like 中文, Italiano or Français are pointing to the wrong articles if not empty:

ASIC-based proof of work

Total cost of attack: $486.67 (ASICs) + $0.08 (electricity+maintenance) = $486.75

I don't understand how the 486.67 and 0.08 are calculated here 👇

1. I understand 1$ block reward per day, miners are willing to pay up to 1$

2. According to the average, 1/3 of the cost of ASIC-PoW is electricity + maintenance (0.33$), and 2/3 of the cost is the machine (0.67$, as capital lockup cost).

3. So without considering the polyline, I understand that the capital cost should be 0.67 * 365 * 2 = 489.1

4. And I need to pay for electricity and maintenance for the day (0.33$)

So I don't understand how $486.67 + $0.08 is calculated, can you give me some hints

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I had a small query regarding the Vote Buying section. It seemed to me that there might be an implicit assumption about the number of participants being 1000. I wasn't entirely sure during my initial read, and thought that a brief mention might help clarify this for other readers as well.

At the main navigation within the Index and Category pages, some of the link titles overflow onto two lines because of the amount of letters used is too long.

There seems to have been an attempt to fix this, as some of the link titles which have more letters have a reduced font size such as the link to Cryptography which uses "font-size:70%".

The link titles should not overflow in this way and should also retain the same consistent sizing, therefore I have raised the issue to propose a new design for this navigation. I can open a PR if you agree this can use an improvement, and my suggestions would be to either reduce the font-size for all links or to adjust the width of the "toc-category"

The RSS feed links point to your old website https://vitalik.ca/.

Hello there,

Thank you for this article about Gini coefficient applied to the cryptocurrency.

I know this is probably not the place to leave my comment so I will make this issue about suggesting you to activate Github Discussions for that matter.

This being said, I don't know how much time you put into documenting yourself before summing all this up into flawless articles but I admire your talent and above all your perseverance in the face of obstacles on your quest to extinguish inequalities.

I particularly like this post because among other things, it reminds me of my time as a student of Financial Analysis. It was right after the subprime mortgage crisis and I could not connect the dots between risk, debt, valuation, income and who gets to get bailed out.

In other words I needed and still need to define the concept of "wealth" in a world dominated by the rules of economics where researchers and other intellectuals will probably never agree on one way to define and represent this concept because it is a problem involving "ideological recursiveness" (if such a thing exists).

Back to your post, I agree with the conclusion.

Unfortunately I do not possess the mathematical background nor the type of brain to picture the inconsistency of the Gini coefficient applied to cryptocurrency like you do. In fact my understanding stopped at the dotted line telling me:

No one possessing nothing = everyone possessing everything

Furthermore I cannot stop asking myself how one can measure inequality without first defining "wealth"?

Don't get me wrong, I am not aiming at the structure of your article, I am questioning the ability of mono-criterion models to represent any situation, regardless of their complexity, when the main criteria is not defined within the model itself in a recursive manner.

In the case of Gini coefficient applied to inequalities what I mean is that in the real life the definition of wealth changes from one culture to another, the local challenges and as we move up in social and economic status.

The same observation can be made about our voting systems, our risk management models, our economic forecasting...

In my opinion if you want to analyze the relation between cryptocurrency and inequalities I suggest to try "multiple-criteria decision analysis" and "multi-objective optimization".

A multi-criteria paradigm not only defines a list of criteria being used to represent the problem but also requires the object to interact directly with your model during the research.

It starts simply with step by step survey and it ends with complex math as usual :D

Step 1 - to prepare a list of criteria defining "wealth" in a specific part of the world at a specific time

Step 2 - to conduct a "survey" asking people from different background to order the list from the most important criteria to the least, let's call it the "profile" (this can dramatically change the definition of inequality from one place/group to another ).

Step 3 - to ask people to apply a coefficient for each criteria for example asking: "how holding crypto affects your situation in term of criteria N (I guess this step will also dramatically change the results depending on the local regulations regarding crypto)

Step 4 - to use a model to visualize the effect of crypto on inequalities according to each profiles defined in Step 2. (I guess we should see similar profiles depending on the social status in a specific place)

Step 5 - to eventually extrapolate in a way a multi-profile analysis could be made

What do you think about this method?

In the meantime I wish everyone a great day!

Is this a typo or intentional in https://vitalik.eth.limo/general/2023/11/14/neoplasma.html?

Also, our team is very big on the text-to-diagram paradigm, so I highly recommend you check it out if it's not something you've ever been exposed to. Makes maintaining / updating / extending them (especially when it comes to open source) much easier.

I started it for this image as an example:

graph TD
    A["0.3 ETH <br> (Alice)"] -- 0.3 --> D["1.1 ETH <br> (David)"]
    B["0.5 ETH <br> (Bob)"] -- 0.5 --> D["1.1 ETH <br> (David)"]
    C["0.3 ETH <br> (Charlie)"] -- 0.3 --> D["1.1 ETH <br> (David)"]
    D -- 0.9 --> E["0.9ETH <br> (David)"]
    D -- 0.2 --> D2["0.2 ETH <br> (Eve)"]    

In the blog post found at https://vitalik.ca/general/2017/01/14/exploring_ecp.html and https://medium.com/@VitalikButerin/exploring-elliptic-curve-pairings-c73c1864e627, there is a broken link to a file that has been moved to this repo.

"For those interested in seeing the exact math involved in making all of these operations written out in code, prime fields and field extensions are implemented here: https://github.com/ethereum/research/blob/master/zksnark/bn128_field_elements.py"

should be changed to:

"For those interested in seeing the exact math involved in making all of these operations written out in code, prime fields and field extensions are implemented here: https://github.com/ethereum/py_pairing/blob/master/py_ecc/bn128/bn128_field_elements.py"

Please add RSS or Atom feed to the blog. It allows readers to automatically check for new articles.

Hi Vitalik,

I'm writing to see if you or your team are interested in working together on the MEV paper (A2MM). I have found your previous comments very inspiring. I am now convinced that certain types of MEV cannot be mitigated, especially if an attacker attempts to deliberately "give away" MEV to attract MEV extractors, which may be similar to a DDoS (as what I replied on Medium). After all, the conclusions heavily depend on the threat model.

I'd like to further expand on the A2MM paper by considering liquidation and other protocols, as well as provide a stronger and more generalised argument that MEV can be greatly reduced. Would be great if you'd like to contribute to the paper as a co-author.

Regards,
Liyi Zhou([email protected])

————————
My response to your previous comments: https://medium.com/research-imperium/a2mm-towards-protecting-defi-users-from-mev-and-flashbots-d0dca2594be0

Hi Vitalik. First of all, I had a great deal of fun conducting research in DeFi and Ethereum, and I'd like to thank you and your team for this.

Before we debate whether MEV is fundamental, I'd like to say that I hope reading this article prompts the reader to consider whether the entire community wants more resources (money, time, and research) to maximise MEV, or to minimise MEV. Have we made enough efforts to minimise MEV before the community continues to provide resources for Flashbots to make MEV more "democratic"?

Even if MEV is not fundamental, I believe MEV can be greatly reduced, which is beneficial to the Ethereum ecosystem as a whole. Our A2MM paper (https://arxiv.org/abs/2106.07371) mitigates against arbitrage and sandwich attacks. Back in December 2019, our HFT paper proposed a solution to the sandwich attack (and we did disclose it to Uniswap back in 2019) (https://arxiv.org/abs/2009.14021). Now, as a security researcher, I want to speak out, and I hope that more people will join us in making the entire ecosystem fundamentally better and fairer. This is what I actually want to say.

Now back to your comment:

As what I claimed in the article, A2MM or similar designs only mitigate one type of MEV, which is back-running. If we think about this as a state transition system, back-running basically tries to extract revenue after a state transition from a benign user. So why don't the benign user extract it directly, instead of leaving the money on the table?

So I find it useful to consider who is the creator of an MEV opportunity, and can the creator close the MEV itself cleanly.

• Arbitrage against external exchanges (including centralized ones)

Because the centralised exchange is the creator of MEV in this case, the exchange should ideally close the arbitrage opportunity onchain, without the miner even noticing the price change in the exchange (theoretically, but there are regulations and such, so I'm not sure if it's practical).

• Providing fraud proofs

In this case, the fraudster should be closing the MEV after he or she created it. If you're talking about layer 2 optimistic protocols, this makes sense if the fraudster intends to "hit-and-run." However, if the fraudster is betting that no one else will be able to submit the fraud proofs in time when Ethereum is congested, the situation changes and MEV may appear.

• Claiming bounties to "poke" any on-chain contract that requires it

I'm not sure what you mean, but I'm assuming some adversary creates a contract that rewards anyone who can call the contract after a certain block number. This is essentially a distributed denial of service (DDoS) attack on Ethereum, which we discussed in one of our previous papers (clogging attack, https://arxiv.org/abs/2101.05511). In this case, MEV does exist, and I'm not sure how to get rid of it (shame on me).

• Buying from a descending price auction once the price gets low enough (on exchange A)

This purchase by itself, in my opinion, is not an MEV. It is an MEV if there is another exchange B where the adversarial miner can immediately sell the purchased asset to perform an arbitrage. Instead of letting the miner extract the revenue, the previous trader should perform the arbitrage (atomically in one transaction, similar to A2MM actually).

Creating/Extracting MEV consumes on-chain space, network layer bandwidth, harms of benign DeFi users, and may render the entire ecosystem prone to centralised power capture (see Flashbots). That is because DApps are not designed in a way to consider the limitations of their "environment". Analogous to how burning fossil fuels and emitting CO2 ignores the unpriced externality, which is the health of the earth's atmosphere, DApps should be mindful about their MEV mitigation responsibility. Once again, I hope reducing MEV gets more attention from researchers, investors, protocol designers, and, of course, the Ethereum core team.

Здравствуйте! https://business-platform.ru/projects/p50458/ Не хорошие люди, у которых отсутствует мораль и низкое интеллектуальное развитие, в первую очередь продажные и жадные, которые не знают, что, грамотно применив науку и автоматизацию, можно всем зажить счастливой, свободной и вечной жизнью боятся, что им не хватит ресурсов, поэтому они всё делают так, чтобы уничтожить не послушных и использовать остальных, пока те приносят им выгоду, а после от таких тоже избавиться, если подобные ещё и не ценят жизнь, то они готовы убить всех, включая себя и родных. Я молодой ученый геоэколог! Знаю, как остановить войны! Говорил с Жаком Фреско и другими учеными Земли! Они одобрили мою идею! Мне нужны деньги для работы над проектом! Давайте вместе сделаем жизнь всех счастливой, как и подобает здравомыслящим людям. Когда всё будет готово живое, в первую очередь люди заживут счастливой и свободной жизнью. Идея программы, которая позволит мудрым людям Земли дружно и в оптимальных условиях трудиться ноу-хау.​ Предварительно согласовано участие специалистов из нескольких десятков крупных научных сообществ и ряда небольших. После моего письма и по команде Путина в Агентстве Стратегических Инициатив уже ведутся изыскания. На зарплату специалистов, увеличение штата и текущие расходы нужно хотя бы 3 триллиона рублей(1.2 млрд.рублей хватит, чтобы начать). Деньги нужны безвозмездно, так как, чтобы не парализовать ресурсооборот планеты, технические подробности будут не доступны до 100% готовности.

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Hi Vitalik, loved your 1 bag post. These are some products I've personally grown really attached to, which fit with the 1 bag ethos:

• Minaal 3.0 daily backpack : most sturdy and nicely made backpack I've tried; the designers constantly travel so it's designed with the right constraints (e.g, fits under an airplane seat, low weight, sturdy, lots of sections for organizing, can be accessed from the side, ...)
• Montbell 1000 Down Jacket : ~130 g, most warm jacket in the world of its weight and volume. A nice layer to have for warmer climates
• Card Tec adapter: most slim combined USB-C + power adapter + multi-country plug I've ever seen, and it's worked great for me for years at this point. They also sell a combined USB-C + power adapter + battery pack + multi-country plug, which seems great since it's harder to forget to recharge your battery pack that way