userfriendanonymous / rim

The Rim Programming Language

Rim is a purely functional, (Not yet) statically typed, lazily evaluated (or strictly by choice), indentation based (like Python or Haskell), "hyper modular" programming language that transpiles to JavaScript.

(Work in Progress) Book.

Build CLI tool with cargo

Installs as rim.

> git clone https://github.com/userfriendanonymous/rim.git
> cd rim
> cargo install --path cli

CLI tool commands

• rim init - Create a new project in the current directory.
• rim new <path> - Create a new project in the given directory.
• rim build - Compile a project into output/ directory.
• rim run-js <name> - Compile and run a JS target with <name> with node command (Node.js).

Examples

See code examples at examples/.

How is this language unique?

Extensive use of modules

Module system isn't "flat" (unlike in Haskell, for example), and modules can be nested (like in Rust). mod keyword declares a new module.

File main.rim:

# this is a comment... #

mod prices where
    mod gadgets where
        val laptop = 70000
        val smartPhone = 30000
        val iPad = 55000

    mod food where
        val banana = 100
        val apple = 75

    # contents of this module are in `main/others.rim` file #
    mod otherStuff file others

You can even declare modules inside values:

val fullPrice =
    let
        mod prices where
            val banana = 100
            val apple = 75
    in
        prices.banana + prices.apple

Learn more about modules here.

Depending is explicit

In Rim items are not mutual by default, in most of other programming languages this is perfectly fine:

// (JavaScript)
let value = 1
let anotherValue = value

// (Rust)
fn foo() {
    bar()
}
fn bar() {
    foo()
}

In Rim, depending on other items is explicit and requires a let .. in .. block:

let
    val value = 1
in
    val anotherValue = value

# this is a comment... #

This will not work in Rim:

val value = 1
val anotherValue = value # error: can't find `value` #

No public or private keywords

Languages like Java or Rust have a pub or private keyword to hide internal implementations (functions, values, types) from outside world, in Rim let .. in .. blocks solve this naturally.

let
    mod numbers where
        let val
            privatePrice1 = 150
            privatePrice2 = 200
        in
            val fullPrice = privatePrice1 + privatePrice2
in
    # OK, `fullPrice` is public #
    val ok = numbers.fullPrice

    # Compile error, `privatePrice1` is private! #
    val err = numbers.privatePrice1

No import or use keyword

Again let .. in .. solves this:

File main.rim:

let
    let
        identity input = input
    in
        # `identity` will be visible inside this module #
        mod bar file bar
in
    val main = builtIn.js.console.log bar.greeting

File main/bar.rim:

val greeting = identity "Hello!"

Names can start on digits or be same as special keywords

let val 3d = "three dimensions!"
in
    val val = .3d
    val let = "let"
    val if = "if"
    val in = "in"
    val mod = "mod"

    mod mod where
    mod where where
    mod file file file

Learn more about identifiers here.

Other features

Lambda

val add1 input = input + 1

val a = (\x = x + 1) 5
# `a` is 6 #

Infix operators

Like in Haskell. However it's not possible to declare custom operators by design.

map f = match nothing (\v = just $ f v)
val num =
    val calc = (\x y = x + y % 10)
    in 5 < calc $ 1 + 2

# `>` and `<` are also infix operators! #

val main = log "a" < chainEff > log "b"

If else

Just like in Haskell: if .. then .. else ..

val x = if true then 1 + 2 else 0

Configuration file

Config file for a Rim project is in a .json format, to be changed later.

Default config.json file:

{
    "dependencies": {
        "builtIn": { "BuiltIn": null }
    },
    "targets": {
        "js": {
            "main": ["jsMain", "Lazy"]
        }
    }
}

Rim Community Package Registry

This is being worked on. (WIP)

(Work in Progress) Book.