raffo24 / weather-station

This software interacts with weather stations and it transforms the datas, gathered by 'rtl_433' , paired with a SDR, into graphs on a web server

Wheater_Station_Project

This software interacts with weather stations and it transforms the data, gathered by 'rtl_433' , paired with a SDR, into graphs on a web server

Requirements

HARDWARE

• Windows or Linux
• A compatible dongle SDR, testated on chipset Realtek RTL2832
• Weather sensors that detect the data and transmit them to 433MHz, here a list of compatible sensors

SOFTWARE

• RTL_433
• Python3
• Nodejs (con npm)
• Zadig (only for Windows)
• rtl-sdr (only for linux)

Guide for Windows

• Connect the dongle SDR and install a universal driver:
  • run Zadig as administrator
  • go to options e select List All Devices
  • Select Bulk-In, Interface (Interface 0) from the list
  • Be sure that WinUSBis selected and click on Replace Driver
• Download the content of the main repository of the projetc.
• Estract the content of archive**rtl_433-win.zip** into the Weather_Station-master/`
• Open the shell CMD as administrator into Wheater_Station-master directory e give directions to download the dependences:
  • For Python3 pip install pandas pip install sqlite3 pip install ast pip install json
  • For Nodejs npm install sqlite3 npm install jquery npm install chart.js sudo npm install express sudo npm install helmet
• Run the capture of the data and create the database:
  • python3 GetDB_UPDATED.py
• Open a local webserver:
  • Open a shell into Wheater_Station-master directory
  • Type node start_server.js
• Open localhost in the browser 127.0.0.1:PORT (DEFAULT=8000)

Guide for Linux

• Install rtl-sdr:

  • Open terminal into user directory cd /home/"nomeutente" and type:
    • sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get install rtl-sdr sudo apt-get install libusb-1.0-0-dev git cmake git clone git://git.osmocom.org/rtl-sdr.git cd rtl-sdr/ mkdir build cd build cmake ../ -DINSTALL_UDEV_RULES=ON make sudo make install sudo cp ../rtl-sdr.rules /etc/udev/rules.d/ sudo ldconfig

• Install rtl_433:

  • on Debian (sid) or Ubuntu(19.10+) give direction:
    • apt-get install rtl-433
  • For the other distributions follow this link

• Dowload the content of the main repository of the project

• Open terminal into Wheater_Station-master directory and give directions to download dependences:

  • For Python3 sudo pip3 install pandas sudo pip3 install sqlite3 sudo pip install ast sudo pip install json
  • ForNodejs sudo npm install sqlite3 sudo npm install jquery sudo npm install chart.js sudo npm install express sudo npm install helmet

• Run the capture of the data and create the database:

  • sudo python3 GetDB_UPDATED.py

• Open a local webserver :

  • Open a terminal into Wheater_Station-master directory and digit sudo node start_server.js

• Go to localhost in the browser http://127.0.0.1:PORT (DEFAULT=8000)

• Select the data that you want to display and choose unit of measure of the time

• if you see this error: "Kernel driver is active, or device is claimed by second instance of librtlsdr. In the first case, please either detach or blacklist the kernel module (dvb_usb_rtl28xxu), or enable automatic detaching at compile time."

• Try to solve it with these commands:

  • sudo tee --append /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist-dvb_usb_rtl28xxu.conf
  • sudo rmmod dvb_usb_rtl28xxu rtl2832

THE DATABASE

• it is a SQLITE database
• You can find it into Wheater_Station-master directory with a name meteo_data.db
• You can dispay the clean data through software like DB Browser for SQLite

Configuration file

THE BAROMETER

The barometer is realized with arduino. we built the barometer so that it could fulfill to assignments:

1. To capture the data of the pressure in the area
2. To send the captured data on the 433 MHz frequency

For the realization we used:

• ARDUINO UNO REV 3 (or Elegoo UNO R3)
• ADAFRUIT BMP180 Barometric Sensor (https://www.amazon.it/AZDelivery-elettrico-pressione-atmosferica-Raspberry/dp/B07D8S617X)
• AZDelivery 433 MHz Wireless Transmitter (https://www.amazon.it/AZDelivery-433-MHz-Funk-trasmettitore/dp/B076KN7GNB/) With the choice of these componets we achived to obtain the data of the pressure with optimum precision and to sent them without the lost of signal in a range of about 4,5 m.

The following picture shows the scheme of costruction:

For the programming of the Arduino, we used the following code:

` // Libraries for Barometer #include <SFE_BMP180.h> #include <Wire.h> // Libraries for the antenna 433.39 Mhz #include <RH_ASK.h> #include <SPI.h>

// This as to be experimentally verified (but the average of 5.0/6.0 is good) float x_calibrazione = 5.0;

// I create the object to interact with the Barometer and set it with standard setup SFE_BMP180 BMP;

// I create the object to interact with the antenna and set it with standard setup RH_ASK driver;

void setup(){

// I inizialized serial port 9600 Baud for the debugging
Serial.begin(9600);

// I inizialized the barometer and run antenna
BMP.begin();
driver.init();

}

void loop(){

char status;
double T, P;

status = BMP.startTemperature();
if(status != 0){
  // I wait that the measurement is completed 
  delay(status);

  // I pick up the value of the measurement and save it in the T variable
  // if the operation  has succeded this function returns 1, if it goas in a different way, the function returns 0

  // T is necessary to calculate the pressure

  status = BMP.getTemperature(T);
  if(status != 0){

    // Begin the mensurement of absolute pressure
    // I use the third option to have more accurate value

    status = BMP.startPressure(3);
    if(status != 0){
      
      // I wait that the measurement is completed
      delay(status);

      //  pick up the value of the measurement and save it in the P variable
	// if the operation  has succeded this function returns 1, if it goas in a different way, the function returns 0

      status = BMP.getPressure(P, T);
      if(status != 0){
        
        // I put pressure in the second part of the payload
        
        String pressure = "";
        float p = int(P) + x_calibrazione;
        pressure = "'pressure_hPa' : " + String(p);
        
        String temperature = "";
        temperature = "'temperature_C' : " + String(T);
        
        // I assembly the payload and give it on 433.39 Mhz frequency
        String to_send = "";
        to_send = "{" + pressure +","+ temperature + "}";
        const char *msg = to_send.c_str();
        // Stamp in seriale per il debug //
        Serial.println(msg);
        // ----------------------------- //
        driver.send((uint8_t *)msg, strlen(msg));
        driver.waitPacketSent();
        
      }
      
      delay(5000); // Delay di 5 secondi per il cool down
      
    }
    
  }
  
}

} `

We chosed for the sensor "BMP 180" these libraries:

• SFE_BMP180.h
• Wire.h

We chosed for the trasmitter 433Mhz these libraries:

• RH_ASK.h
• SPI.h

BE CAREFUL: these libraries can only be used with the configuration shown in the previous picture.