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《Linux就是这个范》

1、Linux界面的架构设计
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2、xorg实现了X协议,提供图形界面服务。而要有桌面,还需要一个客户端,称为Windows Manager, WM。这是一类软件,KDE/GNOME包括各自的窗口管理器。
3、Linux的用户管理主要指的是管理用户的等级和用户对文件的访问权。共可分配2^32-1个用户。UID、GID为0的分配给了root用户,1-499分配给系统用户。从500开始是普通用户。
4、/etc/passwd 查看组,GID为初始用户组
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/etc/group查看用户
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/etc/shadow管理密码
5、useradd在任何Linux发行版都一样;
root用户可以passwd qcrao 修改普通用户的密码;
userdel qcrao 删除用户, userdel -r qcrao 删除用户+home目录
6、给某个用户赋予sudo特权,就是要更改/etc/sudoers文件中的内容。
su 切换到root用户,当前目录不变;
su - 切换到root用户,且当前目录变成/root
sudo su - 执行sudo命令输入自已的密码,su -是切换到root用户。所以需要在/etc/sudoers禁止su被sudo执行
7、whoami 得到EUID,Effective UID,who 得到实际用户,即登陆时的用户。
8、蓝色的为文件夹
9、alias ls='ls --color=auto'
alias gs='git status'

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