The FTDI FT260 chip implements USB to I2C/UART bridges through two USB HID class interfaces. The first - is for I2C and the second for UART. Each interface is independent, and the kernel detects it as a separate USB hidraw device. In addition, the chip implements 14 GPIOs via multifunctional pins.
The main branch of this repository holds the most comprehensive version of the FT260 Linux kernel driver:
- I2C support - upstreamed into the kernel 5.13 mainline.
- UART support - two implementations (1) and (2) of the initial UART support were around for some time, and now they are unified, fixed several issues and merged into the main branch of this repo. It is submitted upstream via this commit.
- GPIO support - developed in the gpio branch, reapplied on top of the latest UART support, and is merged into the main branch of this repo. The earlier GPIO version (before UART support) was submitted upstream via this commit.
FTDI suggests using hidraw and libusb userspace libraries to operate the FT260 I2C host controller via hidraw Linux kernel driver. But this approach makes the standard Linux I2C tools useless, and it does not allow the I2C sysfs tree instantiation required by I2C multiplexers and switches.
This driver enables the FT260 to be seen and handled by the Linux kernel i2c-core code as a regular I2C bus adapter, like when the I2C controller is a part of the MCU or CPU vendor chipset. It provides the following benefits:
- It enables usage of the standard Linux userspace I2C tools like
i2c-tools and a wide
range of userspace applications relying on the
/dev/i2c-xkernel API. - The driver exposes the FT260 I2C controller device via
sys/bus/i2cbus to other I2C devices relied on it. It allows the sysfs I2C tree instantiation, essential for complex I2C topologies, built with I2C multiplexers and/or I2C switches. - It guarantees atomic access at the kernel level to the I2C devices, resided on the I2C controller's bus, implicitly enabling concurrent access to the I2C bus from multiple userspace processes instead of explicit contexts synchronization when such access is done via hidraw and libusb userspace libraries.
This driver adds a serial interface /dev/ttyFTx, which implements tty serial driver ops, making it easier to configure the baud rate, transmit and receive data, and termios settings.
git clone https://github.com/MichaelZaidman/hid-ft260.git
cd hid-ft260
make
sudo insmod hid-ft260.ko
If you got the below failure, your kernel does not support the hid_is_usb,
which was added by https://lkml.org/lkml/2021/12/13/526 commit.
/home/swuser/sw/hid-ft260/hid-ft260.c: In function ‘ft260_probe’:
/home/swuser/sw/hid-ft260/hid-ft260.c:928:7: error: implicit declaration of function ‘hid_is_usb’ [-Werror=implicit-function-declaration]
if (!hid_is_usb(hdev))
As workaround you can comment two lines in the ft260_probe routine:
if (!hid_is_usb(hdev))
return -EINVAL;
The driver exposes multiple attributes to user space via sysfs.
Since the order and number of the USB devices vary between systems, the sysfs path to the USB device may change even on the same system.
You can figure out the sysfs path yourself or use the setenv script to set the environment variable per USB interface of every FT260 device.
. ./setenv.sh
$ . setenv.sh
sysfs_i2c_15
sysfs_i2c_0
$ echo $sysfs_i2c_0
/sys/bus/hid/drivers/ft260/0003:0403:6030.0007
$ echo $sysfs_i2c_15
/sys/bus/hid/drivers/ft260/0003:0403:6030.000C
Now we can see all availiable attributes:
$ ls $sysfs_i2c_0
Figure out the sysfs ft260 device node path, as explained earlier. To set the i2c clock to 400KHz on my system, I run this command:
sudo bash -c 'echo 400 > $sysfs_i2c_0/clock'
The FT260 has three pins that have more than two functions: DIO7 (pin 14), DIO0 (pin 7), and DIO12 (pin 27). The function of these pins can be configured by eFUSE, EEPROM, or via the sysfs interface.
For the sysfs method, you need to figure out the sysfs ft260 device node path, as explained earlier.
In this example, I configure pin 14 to act as GPIO2:
$ cat $sysfs_i2c_0/gpio2_func
1
$ sudo bash -c "echo 0 > $sysfs_i2c_0/gpio2_func"
$ cat $sysfs_i2c_0/gpio2_func
0
$ sudo gpioget 0 2
0
$ sudo gpioset 0 2=1
$ sudo gpioget 0 2
1
$ sudo gpioset 0 2=0
$ sudo gpioget 0 2
0
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