This repo containg the learning content of Django
While working on Django it is better to create a virtual environment to run project files.
pip install virtualenv
Note: If pip command is not found then follow the below step else continue tonext step
curl https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py -o get-pip.py
python3 get-pip.py
In windows command prompt, navigate to your project location:
mkdir Django
cd Django
Once inside the project folder run:
virtualenv env_name
To activate virtualenv on Windows, and activate the script is in the Scripts folder:
env_name\Scripts\activate.bat
Now we have the venv activated, run the following command to install Django:
pip install django
Thats it all setup now
To start a new Django project, run the command below:
django-admin startproject project1
The command-line utility django-admin is automatically installed with Django.
After we run the command above, it will generate the base folder structure for a Django project.
Right now, our Django directory looks like this:
Django/ <-- higher level folder
|-- myproject/ <-- django project folder
| |-- project1/
| | |-- __init__.py
| | |-- settings.py
| | |-- urls.py
| | |-- wsgi.py
| +-- manage.py
+-- venv/ <-- virtual environment folder
Django comes with a simple web server installed. It’s very convenient during the development, so we don’t have to install anything else to run the project locally. We can test it by executing the command:
python manage.py runserver
For now, you can ignore the migration errors; we will get to that later.
Now open the following URL in a Web browser: http://127.0.0.1:8000 and you should see the following page:
To accessing the admin login page visit
http://127.0.0.1:8000/admin/login/?next=/admin/
For creating the login credentails we need to migrate defalult Admin db schema so for doing it execute
python manage.py migrate
For creating a user with admin permissions
python manage.py createsuperuser
and set your username, email(not compulsory) and passsword
for creating a custom-app component
python manage.py startapp app_name
after creating we can see the directory structure as shown delow
Django/
|-- myproject/ <-- django project folder
| |-- app_name/ <-- our new django app!
| | |-- migrations/
| | | +-- __init__.py
| | |-- __init__.py
| | |-- admin.py
| | |-- apps.py
| | |-- models.py
| | |-- tests.py
| | +-- views.py
| |-- project1/
| | |-- __init__.py
| | |-- settings.py
| | |-- urls.py
| | |-- wsgi.py
| +-- manage.py
+-- venv/ <-- virtual environment folder
Note: After creating app we need to append our app name to INSTALLED_APPS list in setting.py
By completing the above steps I have created an app called Products
I'm using this app for creating products. So for storing the data of the product into the backend / Database we need too create it so for adding it we need to create it in models.py of products app. I'm considering the 4 parameters they are
- Title
- Description
- Price
- Summary
so for adding it I've created a class in
manage.pylike shown below and save it
from django.db import models
# Create your models here.
class Product(models.Model):
title = models.TextField()
description = models.TextField()
price = models.TextField()
Summary = models.TextField(default = 'This is cool!') # default is th arg which will be stored if no data is enteredAfter add above we need to make migrate our database to save the changes to it
python manage.py makemigrations
python manage.py migrate
Note: Whenever we made change to the manage.py --> changes to DB occur to save it we need to migrate
finally after making change if we login to http://127.0.0.1:8000/admin we need to see the Products and by clicking it we can observe list of product avaliable as shown like below
To Execute the commands in the cell we have to execute
python manage.py shell
python shell will be open like shown below
Python 3.8.2 (tags/v3.8.2:7b3ab59, Feb 25 2020, 23:03:10) [MSC v.1916 64 bit (AMD64)] on win32
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
(InteractiveConsole)
For writing the data in to an app using shell we hve to import it
from app.models import appso for listing the all elements in the database we have execute
app.objects.all()if we want to create new elements to the db
app.object.create(arg1 = data, arg2 = data, ..... argn = data)So Yesterday I have created Products app and add 4 fields in the models.py
so if we observe we see that some TextFields they are to type of Model fields we can find out them at Model field so by going to documentation I have choosen the integer type to the prices and updated the arguments to the fields as shown below
from django.db import models
# Create your models here.
class Product(models.Model):
title = models.CharField(max_length = 120)
description = models.TextField(blank = True, null = True)
price = models.DecimalField(decimal_places = 2, max_digits = 1000)
Summary = models.TextField(default = 'This is cool!')
features = models.BooleanField(default = True, null = False)after updating the field we can them by loging into http://127.0.0.1:8000/admin/ and going to Products as shown below
For Pages I'll be creating an app called pages
To change the Home page to the custom home page we need to add the required html content by creating a function in the views.py in the created app and we need to update url.py in the project by importing and adding the path
example:
Updating views.py
from django.http import HttpResponse
def home_view(*args, **kwargs):
return HttpResponse("<h1>Hello World Django</h1>")and updating url.py like below
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path
from pages.views import home_view
urlpatterns = [path('home/', home_view, name='home')]thats it if we visit http://127.0.0.1:8000/home/ we can see the Hello World Django in H1 font
Like above we can add as many pages as we need by adding HTTP responses to the views.py and urls in the urls.py as shown below
views.py
from django.http import HttpResponse
from django.shortcuts import render
def home_view(*args, **kwargs):
return HttpResponse("<h1>Hello World Django</h1>")
def contact_view(*args, **kwargs):
return HttpResponse("<h1>Contact Page</h1>")
def about_view(*args, **kwargs):
return HttpResponse("<h1>About Page</h1>")
def social_view(*args, **kwargs):
return HttpResponse("<h1>Social Page</h1>")urls.py
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path
from pages.views import home_view, contact_view, social_view, about_view
urlpatterns = [
path('', home_view, name='home'),
path('about/', about_view, name = 'about'),
path('home/', home_view, name='home'),
path('social/', social_view, name = 'social'),
path('contact/', contact_view, name='home'),
path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
]Day5 04 May 2020
Instead of returning HTTP response we can send the predefined templetes to the django so for using them in project I have created a directory called Templetes and created few templetes like
- Home.html
- About.html
- Contact.html
- Social.html
and Updating them in the views.py using the render functioon from django.shortcuts
# Syntax
# render takes to few arugments they are
render(request, templete_name, context)example
from django.shortcuts import render
def home_view(*args, **kwargs):
print(args, kwargs)
return render(request, "home.html", {})after adding the templete to the we need to add the templete path to DIRS list --> templetes list in settings.py like shown below
'your/path/to/templetes'or
os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "templetes")
React
Typescript
Django
Laravel
Facebook
Microsoft
Google
Alibaba
D3
Tencent