hilakshya / basicsofxml

In XML (eXtensible Markup Language), tags and attributes are fundamental components used to structure and describe data within XML documents.

1. Tags:

   • Tags are enclosed within angle brackets < > and are used to define the beginning and end of elements in XML.
   • Tags can be nested within each other to create a hierarchical structure, forming an XML tree.
   • Every XML document has one root element, which encapsulates all other elements within it.

   Example:

   <bookstore>
       <book>
           <title>Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone</title>
           <author>J.K. Rowling</author>
       </book>
       <book>
           <title>The Hobbit</title>
           <author>J.R.R. Tolkien</author>
       </book>
   </bookstore>

2. Attributes:

   • Attributes provide additional information about an element and are written within the start tag of an element.
   • Attributes consist of a name-value pair separated by an equals sign = and enclosed within double or single quotes.
   • Elements can have zero or more attributes.

   Example:

   <book isbn="9780439554930">
       <title>Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone</title>
       <author>J.K. Rowling</author>
   </book>

In this example, isbn is an attribute of the <book> element. The value "9780439554930" provides additional information about the book.