gophersgang / pgx

PostgreSQL client library for Go

Pgx

Pgx is a pure Go database connection library designed specifically for PostgreSQL. Pgx is different from other drivers such as pq because, while it can operate as a database/sql compatible driver, pgx is primarily intended to be used directly. It offers a native interface similar to database/sql that offers better performance and more features.

Features

Pgx supports many additional features beyond what is available through database/sql.

• Listen / notify
• Transaction isolation level control
• Full TLS connection control
• Binary format support for custom types (can be much faster)
• Copy protocol support for faster bulk data loads
• Logging support
• Configurable connection pool with after connect hooks to do arbitrary connection setup
• PostgreSQL array to Go slice mapping for integers, floats, and strings
• Hstore support
• JSON and JSONB support
• Maps inet and cidr PostgreSQL types to net.IPNet and net.IP
• Large object support
• Null mapping to Null* struct or pointer to pointer.
• Supports database/sql.Scanner and database/sql/driver.Valuer interfaces for custom types
• Logical replication connections, including receiving WAL and sending standby status updates

Performance

Pgx performs roughly equivalent to pq and go-pg for selecting a single column from a single row, but it is substantially faster when selecting multiple entire rows (6893 queries/sec for pgx vs. 3968 queries/sec for pq -- 73% faster).

See this gist for the underlying benchmark results or checkout go_db_bench to run tests for yourself.

database/sql

Import the github.com/jackc/pgx/stdlib package to use pgx as a driver for database/sql. It is possible to retrieve a pgx connection from database/sql on demand. This allows using the database/sql interface in most places, but using pgx directly when more performance or PostgreSQL specific features are needed.

Documentation

pgx includes extensive documentation in the godoc format. It is viewable online at godoc.org.

Testing

pgx supports multiple connection and authentication types. Setting up a test environment that can test all of them can be cumbersome. In particular, Windows cannot test Unix domain socket connections. Because of this pgx will skip tests for connection types that are not configured.

Normal Test Environment

To setup the normal test environment, first install these dependencies:

go get github.com/jackc/fake
go get github.com/shopspring/decimal
go get gopkg.in/inconshreveable/log15.v2

Then run the following SQL:

create user pgx_md5 password 'secret';
create user " tricky, ' } "" \ test user " password 'secret';
create database pgx_test;
create user pgx_replication with replication password 'secret';

Connect to database pgx_test and run:

create extension hstore;

Next open conn_config_test.go.example and make a copy without the .example. If your PostgreSQL server is accepting connections on 127.0.0.1, then you are done.

Connection and Authentication Test Environment

Complete the normal test environment setup and also do the following.

Run the following SQL:

create user pgx_none;
create user pgx_pw password 'secret';

Add the following to your pg_hba.conf:

If you are developing on Unix with domain socket connections:

local  pgx_test  pgx_none  trust
local  pgx_test  pgx_pw    password
local  pgx_test  pgx_md5   md5

If you are developing on Windows with TCP connections:

host  pgx_test  pgx_none  127.0.0.1/32 trust
host  pgx_test  pgx_pw    127.0.0.1/32 password
host  pgx_test  pgx_md5   127.0.0.1/32 md5

Replication Test Environment

Add a replication user:

create user pgx_replication with replication password 'secret';

Add a replication line to your pg_hba.conf:

host replication pgx_replication 127.0.0.1/32 md5

Change the following settings in your postgresql.conf:

wal_level=logical
max_wal_senders=5
max_replication_slots=5

Version Policy

pgx follows semantic versioning for the documented public API on stable releases. Branch v2 is the latest stable release. master can contain new features or behavior that will change or be removed before being merged to the stable v2 branch (in practice, this occurs very rarely).

Consider using a vendoring tool such as godep or importing pgx via import "gopkg.in/jackc/pgx.v2" to lock to the v2 branch.