faiz276482 / git-commands

Al the git commands that i usually use while working

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A list of my commonly used Git commands

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Getting & Creating Projects

Command	Description
git init	Initialize a local Git repository
git clone ssh://[email protected]/[username]/[repository-name].git	Create a local copy of a remote repository

Basic Snapshotting

Command	Description
git status	Check status
git mv [source] [destination]	It moves a file (or folder) to another folder or directory
git mv -v [source] [destination]	(-v or --verbose) Report the names of files as they are moved.
git mv -n [source] [destination]	(-n or --dry-run)Do nothing; only show what would happen
git mv -f [source] [destination]	(-f or --force)Force renaming or moving of a file even if the target exists
git mv -k [source] [destination]	(-k) Skip move or rename actions which would lead to an error condition. An error happens when a source is neither existing nor controlled by Git, or when it would overwrite an existing file unless [-f] is given.
git add [file]	Add a file to the staging area
git add -A	Add all new and changed files to the staging area
git commit -m "[commit message]"	Commit changes
git rm -r [file]	Remove a file (or folder)
git reset	Reset removes all the file currently present in staging area
git reset --hard	Resets the index and working tree. Any changes to tracked files in the working tree since are discarded.
git reset --soft	Does not touch the index file or the working tree at all (but resets the head to , just like all modes do). This leaves all your changed files "Changes to be committed", as git status would put it.
git reset --mixed	Resets the index but not the working tree (i.e., the changed files are preserved but not marked for commit) and reports what has not been updated. This is the default action.If -N is specified, removed paths are marked as intent-to-add
git reset --keep	Resets index entries and updates files in the working tree that are different between and HEAD. If a file that is different between and HEAD has local changes, reset is aborted.
git reset --merge	Resets the index and updates the files in the working tree that are different between and HEAD, but keeps those which are different between the index and working tree (i.e. which have changes which have not been added). If a file that is different between and the index has unstaged changes, reset is aborted.In other words, --merge does something like a git read-tree -u -m , but carries forward unmerged index entries.
git reset [-q / --quiet /--no-quiet] [<tree-ish>] [--] <paths>…	Be quiet, only report errors. The default behavior is set by the reset.quiet config option. --quiet and --no-quiet will override the default behavior.

Branching & Merging

Command	Description
git branch	List branches (the asterisk denotes the current branch)
git branch -a	List all branches (local and remote)
git branch [branch name]	Create a new branch
git branch -d [branch name]	Delete a branch
git push origin --delete [branch name]	Delete a remote branch
git checkout -b [branch name]	Create a new branch and switch to it
git checkout -b [branch name] origin/[branch name]	Clone a remote branch and switch to it
git checkout [branch name]	Switch to a branch
git checkout -	Switch to the branch last checked out
git checkout -- [file]	Discard changes to a file
git merge [branch name]	Merge a branch into the active branch
git merge [source branch] [target branch]	Merge a branch into a target branch
git stash	Stash changes in a dirty working directory
git stash clear	Remove all stashed entries

Sharing & Updating Projects

Command	Description
git push origin [branch name]	Push a branch to your remote repository
git push -u origin [branch name]	Push changes to remote repository (and remember the branch)
git push	Push changes to remote repository (remembered branch)
git push origin --delete [branch name]	Delete a remote branch
git pull	Update local repository to the newest commit
git pull origin [branch name]	Pull changes from remote repository
git remote add origin ssh://[email protected]/[username]/[repository-name].git	Add a remote repository
git remote set-url origin ssh://[email protected]/[username]/[repository-name].git	Set a repository's origin branch to SSH
git remote add upstream https://github.com/ORIGINAL_OWNER/ORIGINAL_REPOSITORY.git	Set a upstream repostory to compare your cahnges with the original owners master branch which you have forked

Inspection & Comparison

Command	Description
git log	View changes
git log --summary	View changes (detailed)
git log -u	View changes (detailed)
git log -n <number a>	view just one change that happened at ath commit from last commit
git diff [source branch] [target branch]	Preview changes before merging
git diff [commitID1] [commitID2]	Preview changes b/w two commits
git diff --staged	Preview changes b/w edited file and the file before editing at the staging area

Ignoring files locally

Command	Description
touch .gitignore	This will create .gitignore file locally if it does not exits
echo file.extension >> .gitignore	This will add file.extension in .gitignore
echo \path\file.extension >> .gitignore	This will add \path\file.extension in .gitignore

You can commit it now without any problems

Ignoring files globally

Command	Description
cd ~	This will navigate you to the root directory of the user
git config --get core.excludesfile	Run it and check if it returns this ~/.gitignore or not. If it returns that skip the row below this row and goto the next row of table
touch ~/.gitignore	This will create a .gitignore file in the root directory
git config --global core.excludesfile '~/.gitignore	This will add it in congig that in future all the contents of the .gitignore file should nevevr be staged
echo -e 'file.extension' >> ~/.gitignore	This will add file.extension in global .gitignore
echo \path\file.extension >> ~/.gitignore	This will add \path\file.extension in .gitignore

You can commit it now without any problems

Patching

Command	Description
git rebase	Reapply commits on top of another base tip
git rebase --onto <newbase>	Starting point at which to create the new commits. If the --onto option is not specified, the starting point is . May be any valid commit, and not just an existing branch name.As a special case, you may use "A...B" as a shortcut for the merge base of A and B if there is exactly one merge base. You can leave out at most one of A and B, in which case it defaults to HEAD.
git rebase <upstream>	Upstream branch to compare against. May be any valid commit, not just an existing branch name. Defaults to the configured upstream for the current branch
git rebase <branch_name>	Working branch; defaults to HEAD.
git rebase --continue	Restart the rebasing process after having resolved a merge conflict.
git rebase --abort	Abort the rebase operation and reset HEAD to the original branch. If was provided when the rebase operation was started, then HEAD will be reset to . Otherwise HEAD will be reset to where it was when the rebase operation was started.
git rebase --quit	Abort the rebase operation but HEAD is not reset back to the original branch. The index and working tree are also left unchanged as a result.
git rebase --keep-empty	Keep the commits that do not change anything from its parents in the result
git rebase --skip	Restart the rebasing process by skipping the current patch.

If you are interested in learning more commands, have a look at https://git-scm.com/docs