daialaa / embedded-project

An Arduino code for the access control system of an entrance gate to allow only authorized people to enter.

Access control system

It’s an access control system which checks if there is a car at the gate using an IR sensor. If yes, the system checks the driver card ID by using an RFID scanner. If it is authorized, the gate will open using a servo motor and the car will pass. Also an LCD will print “pass” and a green LED will be on. If it isn’t authorized, the gate will not open and the LCD will print “failed” and a red LED will be on.

List of used components:

• IR sensor
• RFID scanner
• Servo motor
• LCD
• Arduino Uno
• Green LED
• Red LED

Design models:

1. Wiring diagram

2. Finite State Machine

3. Petri-nets Diagram

• The system starts with one token in IDLE state, and we have 6 input states, that they can have tokens or not depending on user actions or sensor reads.
• The 6 input states are ( IR1, IR2, Card True, Card False, Not IR1, Not IR2)

Test Cases Description

1. The system is in an idle state (Gate is off, Leds are off, LCD “Welcome”).

• When a car arrives in front of the gate the LCD displays “Scan Your Card”.

2. The System is in a car state (Gate is off, Leds are off, LCD “Scan Your Card”).

• If the car returns and leaves the gate the system returns to idle state again and the LCD displays “Welcome”.
• If the user scans an unauthenticated card the LCD displays “Fail” and a red led becomes on for three seconds then returns to the car state to try scanning the card again.
• If the user scans an authenticated card the LCD displays “Pass” and a Green led becomes on and the motor opens the gate.

3. The system is in a pass state (Gate is On, red led is off,green led is on, LCD “pass”).

• If the outer IR catches the car leaving the gate the system closes the gate and goes to Busy state.

4. The system is in a busy state (Gate is off, Leds are off)

• If the car stays in front of the outer IR the LCD displays “Busy”.
• If there is a car in front of the gate the system returns to the car state.
• If there is not a car in front of the gate the system returns to the idle state

References:

• https://store.fut-electronics.com/products/arduino-uno-r3-latest-revision
• https://create.arduino.cc/projecthub/akshayjoseph666/interface-16x2-lcd-parallel-interface-with-arduino-uno-2e87e2
• https://lastminuteengineers.com/how-rfid-works-rc522-arduino-tutorial/
• https://www.skyfilabs.com/online-courses/access-control-with-rfid