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Code example from the book "Certified Kubernetes Administrator (CKA) Study Guide" published by O'Reilly Media.

Home Page: https://www.oreilly.com/library/view/certified-kubernetes-administrator/9781098107215/

License: Apache License 2.0

Shell 84.05% Dockerfile 2.11% JavaScript 13.83%
certification kubernetes

cka-study-guide's Issues

Chap 2: Can't sign CSR (Minikube, Docker driver, Arm M1)

In Chapter 2, following the instructions for Creating a Subject (pp. 15-16). Step 4 ("Sign the CSR...") fails as below:

openssl x509 -req -in johndoe.csr -CA /.minikube/ca.crt -CAkey /.minikube/ca.key -CAcreateserial -out johndoe.crt -days 364
Can't open /.minikube/ca.crt for reading, No such file or directory

I have confirmed that on my local machine, ~/.minikube contains ca.key and ca.crt:

user@LOCAL .minikube % ls
addons			certs			machines
ca.crt			config			profiles
ca.key			files			proxy-client-ca.crt
ca.pem			key.pem			proxy-client-ca.key
cache			logs
cert.pem		machine_client.lock

(and both files have content, i.e. certificate and key). Running:

  • Minikube v.1.32.2
  • Docker Engine 24.0.6
  • Apple M1/ARM.

Thanks!

Chapter 07 - troubleshooting pod does not work on ARM architecture

This is caused by the mysql server supported is 8.0 and up and the web-app bmuschko/web-app in the container does not support the cyphers for authentication:
The application cannot connect to the the database and returns this error.

Failed to connect to database: ER_NOT_SUPPORTED_AUTH_MODE: Client does not support authentication protocol requested by server; consider upgrading MySQL client

Request to let the example use mysql 8.0+ that is supported by ARM and AMD

There is a workaround by setting the password directly in the database console by

ALTER USER root IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'password';

Or more kubenetes nativly:

k exec -it mysql-db -- mysql -u root -p mysql -e "ALTER USER root IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'password';"

Then you only have fix the actual error :)

Kind regards.

Chapter 2: M1/M2 vagrant fails to build on virtual box beta for ARM

Received the following error:

There was an error while executing `VBoxManage`, a CLI used by Vagrant
for controlling VirtualBox. The command and stderr is shown below.

Command: ["showvminfo", "6f6af36a-297c-44b2-b6d3-c61fea9a9b90", "--machinereadable"]

Stderr: VBoxManage: error: The object is not ready
VBoxManage: error: Details: code E_ACCESSDENIED (0x80070005), component SessionMachine, interface IMachine, callee nsISupports
VBoxManage: error: Context: "COMGETTER(ChipsetType)(&aChipset)" at line 53 of file VBoxManageUtils.cpp
VBoxManage: error: The object is not ready
VBoxManage: error: Details: code E_ACCESSDENIED (0x80070005), component SessionMachine, interface IMachine, callee nsISupports
VBoxManage: error: Context: "COMGETTER(BandwidthControl)(bwCtrl.asOutParam())" at line 2695 of file VBoxManageInfo.cpp

It might work if virtual box x86 was ran using Rosetta 2, but I didn't try. Instead, I'm going to try the following to setup the cluster from scratch and get kubeadm practice using docker-in-docker: https://github.com/brightzheng100/kubernetes-the-hard-way-on-docker

Chapter02 (Vagrant & Virtualbox, on ARM M1)

Description

I'm attempting to do the fifth exercise of Chapter02.
For the problem, I've downloaded the beta version of Virtualbox for Apple Silicon.

It seems like the machine crashes while booting up.
I thought this might be an issue with Virtualbox on an M1.
I've attempted to change the code to use UTM but I get the same problem.

Are there any tips or tweaks to make this run on my machine?

upgrade-version git:(master) ✗ vagrant up
Bringing machine 'k8s-control-plane' up with 'virtualbox' provider...
Bringing machine 'worker-1' up with 'virtualbox' provider...
Bringing machine 'worker-2' up with 'virtualbox' provider...
Bringing machine 'worker-3' up with 'virtualbox' provider...
==> k8s-control-plane: Setting the name of the VM: k8s-control-plane
==> k8s-control-plane: Clearing any previously set forwarded ports...
==> k8s-control-plane: Clearing any previously set network interfaces...
==> k8s-control-plane: Preparing network interfaces based on configuration...
    k8s-control-plane: Adapter 1: nat
    k8s-control-plane: Adapter 2: hostonly
==> k8s-control-plane: Forwarding ports...
    k8s-control-plane: 22 (guest) => 2222 (host) (adapter 1)
==> k8s-control-plane: Running 'pre-boot' VM customizations...
==> k8s-control-plane: Booting VM...
==> k8s-control-plane: Waiting for machine to boot. This may take a few minutes...
    k8s-control-plane: SSH address: 127.0.0.1:2222
    k8s-control-plane: SSH username: vagrant
    k8s-control-plane: SSH auth method: private key
    k8s-control-plane: Warning: Connection reset. Retrying...
The guest machine entered an invalid state while waiting for it
to boot. Valid states are 'starting, running'. The machine is in the
'aborted' state. Please verify everything is configured
properly and try again.

If the provider you're using has a GUI that comes with it,
it is often helpful to open that and watch the machine, since the
GUI often has more helpful error messages than Vagrant can retrieve.
For example, if you're using VirtualBox, run `vagrant up` while the
VirtualBox GUI is open.

The primary issue for this error is that the provider you're using
is not properly configured. This is very rarely a Vagrant issue.

Mistake in Appendix A solution

Hello!

I think that I found a mistake in appendix A, ch02's solutions.

Shouldn't this

$ kubectl create clusterrolebinding api-clusterrolebinding \
  --serviceaccount=apps:api-access --verb=watch,list,get \
  --resource=pods

be simply

$ kubectl create clusterrolebinding api-clusterrolebinding --clusterrole=api-clusterrole --serviceaccount=apps:api-access

since we defined api-clusterrole already right before ?

Chapter 2 - Upgrade Version - Vagrant Up not working

Hello, upon running vagrant up I get the following CLI text:

Bringing machine 'k8s-control-plane' up with 'virtualbox' provider...
Bringing machine 'worker-1' up with 'virtualbox' provider...
Bringing machine 'worker-2' up with 'virtualbox' provider...
Bringing machine 'worker-3' up with 'virtualbox' provider...
==> k8s-control-plane: Importing base box 'ubuntu/bionic64'...
==> k8s-control-plane: Matching MAC address for NAT networking...
==> k8s-control-plane: Checking if box 'ubuntu/bionic64' version '20230607.0.1' is up to date...
==> k8s-control-plane: Setting the name of the VM: k8s-control-plane
==> k8s-control-plane: Clearing any previously set network interfaces...
==> k8s-control-plane: Preparing network interfaces based on configuration...
    k8s-control-plane: Adapter 1: nat
    k8s-control-plane: Adapter 2: hostonly
==> k8s-control-plane: Forwarding ports...
    k8s-control-plane: 22 (guest) => 2222 (host) (adapter 1)
==> k8s-control-plane: Running 'pre-boot' VM customizations...
==> k8s-control-plane: Booting VM...
==> k8s-control-plane: Waiting for machine to boot. This may take a few minutes...
    k8s-control-plane: SSH address: 127.0.0.1:2222
    k8s-control-plane: SSH username: vagrant
    k8s-control-plane: SSH auth method: private key
    k8s-control-plane: 
    k8s-control-plane: Vagrant insecure key detected. Vagrant will automatically replace
    k8s-control-plane: this with a newly generated keypair for better security.
    k8s-control-plane: 
    k8s-control-plane: Inserting generated public key within guest...
    k8s-control-plane: Removing insecure key from the guest if it's present...
    k8s-control-plane: Key inserted! Disconnecting and reconnecting using new SSH key...
==> k8s-control-plane: Machine booted and ready!
==> k8s-control-plane: Checking for guest additions in VM...
    k8s-control-plane: The guest additions on this VM do not match the installed version of
    k8s-control-plane: VirtualBox! In most cases this is fine, but in rare cases it can
    k8s-control-plane: prevent things such as shared folders from working properly. If you see
    k8s-control-plane: shared folder errors, please make sure the guest additions within the
    k8s-control-plane: virtual machine match the version of VirtualBox you have installed on
    k8s-control-plane: your host and reload your VM.
    k8s-control-plane: 
    k8s-control-plane: Guest Additions Version: 5.2.42
    k8s-control-plane: VirtualBox Version: 7.0
==> k8s-control-plane: Setting hostname...
==> k8s-control-plane: Configuring and enabling network interfaces...
==> k8s-control-plane: Mounting shared folders...
    k8s-control-plane: /vagrant => /home/gleip/Documents/personal_projects/cka/cka-study-guide/app-a/ch02/upgrade-version
==> k8s-control-plane: Running provisioner: shell...
    k8s-control-plane: Running: inline script
==> k8s-control-plane: Running provisioner: shell...
    k8s-control-plane: Running: /tmp/vagrant-shell20240706-16139-18dyou.sh
    k8s-control-plane: Hit:1 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic InRelease
    k8s-control-plane: Get:2 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates InRelease [102 kB]
    k8s-control-plane: Get:3 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security InRelease [102 kB]
    k8s-control-plane: Get:4 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-backports InRelease [102 kB]
    k8s-control-plane: Get:5 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/universe amd64 Packages [8570 kB]
    k8s-control-plane: Get:6 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/universe Translation-en [4941 kB]
    k8s-control-plane: Get:7 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security/main amd64 Packages [2717 kB]
    k8s-control-plane: Get:8 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/multiverse amd64 Packages [151 kB]
    k8s-control-plane: Get:9 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/multiverse Translation-en [108 kB]
    k8s-control-plane: Get:10 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/main amd64 Packages [3044 kB]
    k8s-control-plane: Get:11 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/main Translation-en [554 kB]
    k8s-control-plane: Get:12 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/restricted amd64 Packages [1347 kB]
    k8s-control-plane: Get:13 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/restricted Translation-en [187 kB]
    k8s-control-plane: Get:14 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/universe amd64 Packages [1914 kB]
    k8s-control-plane: Get:15 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/universe Translation-en [421 kB]
    k8s-control-plane: Get:16 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/multiverse amd64 Packages [25.6 kB]
    k8s-control-plane: Get:17 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/multiverse Translation-en [6088 B]
    k8s-control-plane: Get:18 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-backports/main amd64 Packages [53.3 kB]
    k8s-control-plane: Get:19 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-backports/main Translation-en [14.6 kB]
    k8s-control-plane: Get:20 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-backports/universe amd64 Packages [18.2 kB]
    k8s-control-plane: Get:21 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-backports/universe Translation-en [8668 B]
    k8s-control-plane: Get:22 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security/main Translation-en [467 kB]
    k8s-control-plane: Get:23 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security/restricted amd64 Packages [1317 kB]
    k8s-control-plane: Get:24 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security/restricted Translation-en [182 kB]
    k8s-control-plane: Get:25 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security/universe amd64 Packages [1303 kB]
    k8s-control-plane: Get:26 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security/universe Translation-en [308 kB]
    k8s-control-plane: Get:27 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security/multiverse amd64 Packages [19.8 kB]
    k8s-control-plane: Get:28 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security/multiverse Translation-en [3928 B]
    k8s-control-plane: Fetched 28.0 MB in 4s (7152 kB/s)
    k8s-control-plane: Reading package lists...
    k8s-control-plane: Reading package lists...
    k8s-control-plane: Building dependency tree...
    k8s-control-plane: Reading state information...
    k8s-control-plane: ca-certificates is already the newest version (20230311ubuntu0.18.04.1).
    k8s-control-plane: ca-certificates set to manually installed.
    k8s-control-plane: curl is already the newest version (7.58.0-2ubuntu3.24).
    k8s-control-plane: curl set to manually installed.
    k8s-control-plane: software-properties-common is already the newest version (0.96.24.32.22).
    k8s-control-plane: software-properties-common set to manually installed.
    k8s-control-plane: The following NEW packages will be installed:
    k8s-control-plane:   apt-transport-https
    k8s-control-plane: 0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 13 not upgraded.
    k8s-control-plane: Need to get 1692 B of archives.
    k8s-control-plane: After this operation, 155 kB of additional disk space will be used.
    k8s-control-plane: Do you want to continue? [Y/n] Abort.
    k8s-control-plane: Warning: apt-key output should not be parsed (stdout is not a terminal)
    k8s-control-plane: OK
    k8s-control-plane: Warning: apt-key output should not be parsed (stdout is not a terminal)
    k8s-control-plane: OK
    k8s-control-plane: Get:1 https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu bionic InRelease [64.4 kB]
    k8s-control-plane: Hit:2 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic InRelease
    k8s-control-plane: Get:3 https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu bionic/stable amd64 Packages [39.0 kB]
    k8s-control-plane: Hit:4 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates InRelease
    k8s-control-plane: Hit:5 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-backports InRelease
    k8s-control-plane: Hit:6 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security InRelease
    k8s-control-plane: Ign:7 https://packages.cloud.google.com/apt kubernetes-xenial InRelease
    k8s-control-plane: Err:8 https://packages.cloud.google.com/apt kubernetes-xenial Release
    k8s-control-plane:   404  Not Found [IP: 142.250.180.238 443]
    k8s-control-plane: Reading package lists...
    k8s-control-plane: E: The repository 'http://apt.kubernetes.io kubernetes-xenial Release' does not have a Release file.
    k8s-control-plane: Hit:1 https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu bionic InRelease
    k8s-control-plane: Hit:2 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic InRelease
    k8s-control-plane: Hit:3 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates InRelease
    k8s-control-plane: Hit:5 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-backports InRelease
    k8s-control-plane: Hit:6 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security InRelease
    k8s-control-plane: Ign:4 https://packages.cloud.google.com/apt kubernetes-xenial InRelease
    k8s-control-plane: Err:7 https://packages.cloud.google.com/apt kubernetes-xenial Release
    k8s-control-plane:   404  Not Found [IP: 142.250.180.238 443]
    k8s-control-plane: Reading package lists...
    k8s-control-plane: E: The repository 'http://apt.kubernetes.io kubernetes-xenial Release' does not have a Release file.
    k8s-control-plane: Reading package lists...
    k8s-control-plane: Building dependency tree...
    k8s-control-plane: Reading state information...
    k8s-control-plane: E: Unable to locate package kubeadm
    k8s-control-plane: E: Unable to locate package kubelet
    k8s-control-plane: E: Unable to locate package kubectl
    k8s-control-plane: docker-ce set on hold.
    k8s-control-plane: E: Unable to locate package kubelet
    k8s-control-plane: E: Unable to locate package kubeadm
    k8s-control-plane: E: Unable to locate package kubectl
    k8s-control-plane: /tmp/vagrant-shell: line 14: /etc/docker/daemon.json: No such file or directory
    k8s-control-plane: Failed to restart docker.service: Unit docker.service not found.
The SSH command responded with a non-zero exit status. Vagrant
assumes that this means the command failed. The output for this command
should be in the log above. Please read the output to determine what
went wrong.

Here is the ubuntu-bionic-18.04-cloudimg-console.log:

[    0.000000] Linux version 4.15.0-212-generic (buildd@lcy02-amd64-083) (gcc version 7.5.0 (Ubuntu 7.5.0-3ubuntu1~18.04)) #223-Ubuntu SMP Tue May 23 13:09:22 UTC 2023 (Ubuntu 4.15.0-212.223-generic 4.15.18)
[    0.000000] Command line: BOOT_IMAGE=/boot/vmlinuz-4.15.0-212-generic root=LABEL=cloudimg-rootfs ro console=tty1 console=ttyS0
[    0.000000] KERNEL supported cpus:
[    0.000000]   Intel GenuineIntel
[    0.000000]   AMD AuthenticAMD
[    0.000000]   Centaur CentaurHauls
[    0.000000] [Firmware Bug]: TSC doesn't count with P0 frequency!
[    0.000000] x86/fpu: Supporting XSAVE feature 0x001: 'x87 floating point registers'
[    0.000000] x86/fpu: Supporting XSAVE feature 0x002: 'SSE registers'
[    0.000000] x86/fpu: Supporting XSAVE feature 0x004: 'AVX registers'
[    0.000000] x86/fpu: xstate_offset[2]:  576, xstate_sizes[2]:  256
[    0.000000] x86/fpu: Enabled xstate features 0x7, context size is 832 bytes, using 'standard' format.
[    0.000000] e820: BIOS-provided physical RAM map:
[    0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000000000000-0x000000000009fbff] usable
[    0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x000000000009fc00-0x000000000009ffff] reserved
[    0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000000f0000-0x00000000000fffff] reserved
[    0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000000100000-0x000000007ffeffff] usable
[    0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x000000007fff0000-0x000000007fffffff] ACPI data
[    0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000fec00000-0x00000000fec00fff] reserved
[    0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000fee00000-0x00000000fee00fff] reserved
[    0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000fffc0000-0x00000000ffffffff] reserved
[    0.000000] NX (Execute Disable) protection: active
[    0.000000] SMBIOS 2.5 present.
[    0.000000] DMI: innotek GmbH VirtualBox/VirtualBox, BIOS VirtualBox 12/01/2006
[    0.000000] Hypervisor detected: KVM
[    0.000000] e820: last_pfn = 0x7fff0 max_arch_pfn = 0x400000000
[    0.000000] MTRR: Disabled
[    0.000000] x86/PAT: MTRRs disabled, skipping PAT initialization too.
[    0.000000] CPU MTRRs all blank - virtualized system.
[    0.000000] x86/PAT: Configuration [0-7]: WB  WT  UC- UC  WB  WT  UC- UC  
[    0.000000] found SMP MP-table at [mem 0x0009fff0-0x0009ffff]
[    0.000000] Scanning 1 areas for low memory corruption
[    0.000000] RAMDISK: [mem 0x359cb000-0x36cdcfff]
[    0.000000] ACPI: Early table checksum verification disabled
[    0.000000] ACPI: RSDP 0x00000000000E0000 000024 (v02 VBOX  )
[    0.000000] ACPI: XSDT 0x000000007FFF0030 00003C (v01 VBOX   VBOXXSDT 00000001 ASL  00000061)
[    0.000000] ACPI: FACP 0x000000007FFF00F0 0000F4 (v04 VBOX   VBOXFACP 00000001 ASL  00000061)
[    0.000000] ACPI: DSDT 0x000000007FFF0610 002353 (v02 VBOX   VBOXBIOS 00000002 INTL 20230628)
[    0.000000] ACPI: FACS 0x000000007FFF0200 000040
[    0.000000] ACPI: FACS 0x000000007FFF0200 000040
[    0.000000] ACPI: APIC 0x000000007FFF0240 00005C (v02 VBOX   VBOXAPIC 00000001 ASL  00000061)
[    0.000000] ACPI: SSDT 0x000000007FFF02A0 00036C (v01 VBOX   VBOXCPUT 00000002 INTL 20230628)
[    0.000000] ACPI: Reserving FACP table memory at [mem 0x7fff00f0-0x7fff01e3]
[    0.000000] ACPI: Reserving DSDT table memory at [mem 0x7fff0610-0x7fff2962]
[    0.000000] ACPI: Reserving FACS table memory at [mem 0x7fff0200-0x7fff023f]
[    0.000000] ACPI: Reserving FACS table memory at [mem 0x7fff0200-0x7fff023f]
[    0.000000] ACPI: Reserving APIC table memory at [mem 0x7fff0240-0x7fff029b]
[    0.000000] ACPI: Reserving SSDT table memory at [mem 0x7fff02a0-0x7fff060b]
[    0.000000] No NUMA configuration found
[    0.000000] Faking a node at [mem 0x0000000000000000-0x000000007ffeffff]
[    0.000000] NODE_DATA(0) allocated [mem 0x7ffc5000-0x7ffeffff]
[    0.000000] kvm-clock: cpu 0, msr 0:7ff44001, primary cpu clock
[    0.000000] kvm-clock: Using msrs 4b564d01 and 4b564d00
[    0.000000] kvm-clock: using sched offset of 2883056477 cycles
[    0.000000] clocksource: kvm-clock: mask: 0xffffffffffffffff max_cycles: 0x1cd42e4dffb, max_idle_ns: 881590591483 ns
[    0.000000] Zone ranges:
[    0.000000]   DMA      [mem 0x0000000000001000-0x0000000000ffffff]
[    0.000000]   DMA32    [mem 0x0000000001000000-0x000000007ffeffff]
[    0.000000]   Normal   empty
[    0.000000]   Device   empty
[    0.000000] Movable zone start for each node
[    0.000000] Early memory node ranges
[    0.000000]   node   0: [mem 0x0000000000001000-0x000000000009efff]
[    0.000000]   node   0: [mem 0x0000000000100000-0x000000007ffeffff]
[    0.000000] Reserved but unavailable: 104 pages
[    0.000000] Initmem setup node 0 [mem 0x0000000000001000-0x000000007ffeffff]
[    0.000000] ACPI: PM-Timer IO Port: 0x4008
[    0.000000] IOAPIC[0]: apic_id 2, version 32, address 0xfec00000, GSI 0-23
[    0.000000] ACPI: INT_SRC_OVR (bus 0 bus_irq 0 global_irq 2 dfl dfl)
[    0.000000] ACPI: INT_SRC_OVR (bus 0 bus_irq 9 global_irq 9 low level)
[    0.000000] Using ACPI (MADT) for SMP configuration information
[    0.000000] smpboot: Allowing 2 CPUs, 0 hotplug CPUs
[    0.000000] PM: Registered nosave memory: [mem 0x00000000-0x00000fff]
[    0.000000] PM: Registered nosave memory: [mem 0x0009f000-0x0009ffff]
[    0.000000] PM: Registered nosave memory: [mem 0x000a0000-0x000effff]
[    0.000000] PM: Registered nosave memory: [mem 0x000f0000-0x000fffff]
[    0.000000] e820: [mem 0x80000000-0xfebfffff] available for PCI devices
[    0.000000] Booting paravirtualized kernel on KVM
[    0.000000] clocksource: refined-jiffies: mask: 0xffffffff max_cycles: 0xffffffff, max_idle_ns: 7645519600211568 ns
[    0.000000] setup_percpu: NR_CPUS:8192 nr_cpumask_bits:2 nr_cpu_ids:2 nr_node_ids:1
[    0.000000] percpu: Embedded 50 pages/cpu s167936 r8192 d28672 u1048576
[    0.000000] PV qspinlock hash table entries: 256 (order: 0, 4096 bytes)
[    0.000000] Built 1 zonelists, mobility grouping on.  Total pages: 515961
[    0.000000] Policy zone: DMA32
[    0.000000] Kernel command line: BOOT_IMAGE=/boot/vmlinuz-4.15.0-212-generic root=LABEL=cloudimg-rootfs ro console=tty1 console=ttyS0
[    0.000000] Memory: 2014836K/2096696K available (12300K kernel code, 2477K rwdata, 4324K rodata, 2480K init, 2720K bss, 81860K reserved, 0K cma-reserved)
[    0.000000] SLUB: HWalign=64, Order=0-3, MinObjects=0, CPUs=2, Nodes=1
[    0.000000] ftrace: allocating 39508 entries in 155 pages
[    0.004000] Hierarchical RCU implementation.
[    0.004000] 	RCU restricting CPUs from NR_CPUS=8192 to nr_cpu_ids=2.
[    0.004000] 	Tasks RCU enabled.
[    0.004000] RCU: Adjusting geometry for rcu_fanout_leaf=16, nr_cpu_ids=2
[    0.004000] NR_IRQS: 524544, nr_irqs: 440, preallocated irqs: 16
[    0.004000] random: crng init done
[    0.004000] Console: colour VGA+ 80x25
[    0.004000] console [tty1] enabled
[    0.004000] console [ttyS0] enabled
[    0.004000] ACPI: Core revision 20170831
[    0.004000] ACPI: 2 ACPI AML tables successfully acquired and loaded
[    0.004000] APIC: Switch to symmetric I/O mode setup
[    0.004000] x2apic enabled
[    0.004000] Switched APIC routing to physical x2apic.
[    0.004000] ..TIMER: vector=0x30 apic1=0 pin1=2 apic2=-1 pin2=-1
[    0.004000] tsc: Detected 3193.998 MHz processor
[    0.004000] Calibrating delay loop (skipped) preset value.. 6387.99 BogoMIPS (lpj=12775992)
[    0.004000] pid_max: default: 32768 minimum: 301
[    0.004000] Security Framework initialized
[    0.004000] Yama: becoming mindful.
[    0.004000] AppArmor: AppArmor initialized
[    0.004000] Dentry cache hash table entries: 262144 (order: 9, 2097152 bytes)
[    0.004000] Inode-cache hash table entries: 131072 (order: 8, 1048576 bytes)
[    0.004000] Mount-cache hash table entries: 4096 (order: 3, 32768 bytes)
[    0.004000] Mountpoint-cache hash table entries: 4096 (order: 3, 32768 bytes)
[    0.004000] Last level iTLB entries: 4KB 512, 2MB 512, 4MB 256
[    0.004000] Last level dTLB entries: 4KB 2048, 2MB 2048, 4MB 1024, 1GB 0
[    0.004000] Spectre V1 : Mitigation: usercopy/swapgs barriers and __user pointer sanitization
[    0.004000] Spectre V2 : Mitigation: Retpolines
[    0.004000] Spectre V2 : Spectre v2 / SpectreRSB mitigation: Filling RSB on context switch
[    0.004000] Spectre V2 : Spectre v2 / SpectreRSB : Filling RSB on VMEXIT
[    0.004000] Freeing SMP alternatives memory: 36K
[    0.117941] APIC calibration not consistent with PM-Timer: 110ms instead of 100ms
[    0.119145] APIC delta adjusted to PM-Timer: 6447526 (7121542)
[    0.120044] smpboot: CPU0: AMD Ryzen 7 5800H with Radeon Graphics (family: 0x19, model: 0x50, stepping: 0x0)
[    0.121522] Performance Events: PMU not available due to virtualization, using software events only.
[    0.122819] Hierarchical SRCU implementation.
[    0.123913] NMI watchdog: Perf event create on CPU 0 failed with -2
[    0.124002] NMI watchdog: Perf NMI watchdog permanently disabled
[    0.124870] smp: Bringing up secondary CPUs ...
[    0.125588] x86: Booting SMP configuration:
[    0.126222] .... node  #0, CPUs:      #1
[    0.004000] kvm-clock: cpu 1, msr 0:7ff44041, secondary cpu clock
[    0.130108] smp: Brought up 1 node, 2 CPUs
[    0.130108] smpboot: Max logical packages: 1
[    0.130108] smpboot: Total of 2 processors activated (12775.99 BogoMIPS)
[    0.132221] devtmpfs: initialized
[    0.132783] x86/mm: Memory block size: 128MB
[    0.133562] evm: security.selinux
[    0.134089] evm: security.SMACK64
[    0.136005] evm: security.SMACK64EXEC
[    0.136579] evm: security.SMACK64TRANSMUTE
[    0.137341] evm: security.SMACK64MMAP
[    0.137955] evm: security.apparmor
[    0.138513] evm: security.ima
[    0.139084] evm: security.capability
[    0.140011] clocksource: jiffies: mask: 0xffffffff max_cycles: 0xffffffff, max_idle_ns: 7645041785100000 ns
[    0.141436] futex hash table entries: 512 (order: 3, 32768 bytes)
[    0.141436] pinctrl core: initialized pinctrl subsystem
[    0.141436] RTC time: 12:12:09, date: 07/06/24
[    0.142080] NET: Registered protocol family 16
[    0.142943] audit: initializing netlink subsys (disabled)
[    0.144037] audit: type=2000 audit(1720267933.410:1): state=initialized audit_enabled=0 res=1
[    0.148030] cpuidle: using governor ladder
[    0.148749] cpuidle: using governor menu
[    0.148897] ACPI: bus type PCI registered
[    0.148897] acpiphp: ACPI Hot Plug PCI Controller Driver version: 0.5
[    0.149198] PCI: Using configuration type 1 for base access
[    0.150183] PCI: Using configuration type 1 for extended access
[    0.152610] HugeTLB registered 2.00 MiB page size, pre-allocated 0 pages
[    0.156100] ACPI: Added _OSI(Module Device)
[    0.156859] ACPI: Added _OSI(Processor Device)
[    0.157672] ACPI: Added _OSI(3.0 _SCP Extensions)
[    0.158543] ACPI: Added _OSI(Processor Aggregator Device)
[    0.159504] ACPI: Added _OSI(Linux-Dell-Video)
[    0.160012] ACPI: Added _OSI(Linux-Lenovo-NV-HDMI-Audio)
[    0.160927] ACPI: Added _OSI(Linux-HPI-Hybrid-Graphics)
[    0.161908] ACPI: Executed 1 blocks of module-level executable AML code
[    0.165271] ACPI: Interpreter enabled
[    0.165913] ACPI: (supports S0 S5)
[    0.166491] ACPI: Using IOAPIC for interrupt routing
[    0.167452] PCI: Using host bridge windows from ACPI; if necessary, use "pci=nocrs" and report a bug
[    0.168149] ACPI: Enabled 2 GPEs in block 00 to 07
[    0.174209] ACPI: PCI Root Bridge [PCI0] (domain 0000 [bus 00-ff])
[    0.175352] acpi PNP0A03:00: _OSC: OS supports [ExtendedConfig ASPM ClockPM Segments MSI]
[    0.176642] acpi PNP0A03:00: _OSC: platform does not support [PCIeCapability]
[    0.178064] acpi PNP0A03:00: _OSC: not requesting control; platform does not support [PCIeCapability]
[    0.179533] acpi PNP0A03:00: _OSC: OS requested [PCIeHotplug PME AER PCIeCapability]
[    0.180002] acpi PNP0A03:00: _OSC: platform willing to grant [PCIeHotplug PME AER]
[    0.182213] acpi PNP0A03:00: _OSC failed (AE_SUPPORT); disabling ASPM
[    0.183492] PCI host bridge to bus 0000:00
[    0.184000] pci_bus 0000:00: root bus resource [io  0x0000-0x0cf7 window]
[    0.184002] pci_bus 0000:00: root bus resource [io  0x0d00-0xffff window]
[    0.185022] pci_bus 0000:00: root bus resource [mem 0x000a0000-0x000bffff window]
[    0.186156] pci_bus 0000:00: root bus resource [mem 0x80000000-0xfdffffff window]
[    0.188002] pci_bus 0000:00: root bus resource [bus 00-ff]
[    0.189777] pci 0000:00:01.1: legacy IDE quirk: reg 0x10: [io  0x01f0-0x01f7]
[    0.190794] pci 0000:00:01.1: legacy IDE quirk: reg 0x14: [io  0x03f6]
[    0.192002] pci 0000:00:01.1: legacy IDE quirk: reg 0x18: [io  0x0170-0x0177]
[    0.193007] pci 0000:00:01.1: legacy IDE quirk: reg 0x1c: [io  0x0376]
[    0.204308] pci 0000:00:07.0: quirk: [io  0x4000-0x403f] claimed by PIIX4 ACPI
[    0.205410] pci 0000:00:07.0: quirk: [io  0x4100-0x410f] claimed by PIIX4 SMB
[    0.211030] ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LNKA] (IRQs 5 9 10 *11)
[    0.212000] ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LNKB] (IRQs 5 9 *10 11)
[    0.212059] ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LNKC] (IRQs 5 *9 10 11)
[    0.212986] ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LNKD] (IRQs 5 9 10 *11)
[    0.214042] SCSI subsystem initialized
[    0.214735] pci 0000:00:02.0: vgaarb: setting as boot VGA device
[    0.214735] pci 0000:00:02.0: vgaarb: VGA device added: decodes=io+mem,owns=io+mem,locks=none
[    0.214735] pci 0000:00:02.0: vgaarb: bridge control possible
[    0.216007] vgaarb: loaded
[    0.216460] ACPI: bus type USB registered
[    0.217089] usbcore: registered new interface driver usbfs
[    0.217926] usbcore: registered new interface driver hub
[    0.218702] usbcore: registered new device driver usb
[    0.220019] EDAC MC: Ver: 3.0.0
[    0.220625] PCI: Using ACPI for IRQ routing
[    0.220818] NetLabel: Initializing
[    0.221343] NetLabel:  domain hash size = 128
[    0.224002] NetLabel:  protocols = UNLABELED CIPSOv4 CALIPSO
[    0.224832] NetLabel:  unlabeled traffic allowed by default
[    0.225655] clocksource: Switched to clocksource kvm-clock
[    0.231400] VFS: Disk quotas dquot_6.6.0
[    0.232007] VFS: Dquot-cache hash table entries: 512 (order 0, 4096 bytes)
[    0.233044] AppArmor: AppArmor Filesystem Enabled
[    0.233759] pnp: PnP ACPI init
[    0.234790] pnp: PnP ACPI: found 3 devices
[    0.242311] clocksource: acpi_pm: mask: 0xffffff max_cycles: 0xffffff, max_idle_ns: 2085701024 ns
[    0.243625] NET: Registered protocol family 2
[    0.244293] IP idents hash table entries: 32768 (order: 6, 262144 bytes)
[    0.245387] TCP established hash table entries: 16384 (order: 5, 131072 bytes)
[    0.246403] TCP bind hash table entries: 16384 (order: 6, 262144 bytes)
[    0.247482] TCP: Hash tables configured (established 16384 bind 16384)
[    0.248703] UDP hash table entries: 1024 (order: 3, 32768 bytes)
[    0.249660] UDP-Lite hash table entries: 1024 (order: 3, 32768 bytes)
[    0.250619] NET: Registered protocol family 1
[    0.251394] pci 0000:00:00.0: Limiting direct PCI/PCI transfers
[    0.252313] pci 0000:00:01.0: Activating ISA DMA hang workarounds
[    0.252669] pci 0000:00:02.0: Video device with shadowed ROM at [mem 0x000c0000-0x000dffff]
[    0.252669] Unpacking initramfs...
[    0.252669] Freeing initrd memory: 19528K
[    0.252669] clocksource: tsc: mask: 0xffffffffffffffff max_cycles: 0x2e0a244aeba, max_idle_ns: 440795290469 ns
[    0.252669] platform rtc_cmos: registered platform RTC device (no PNP device found)
[    0.252669] Scanning for low memory corruption every 60 seconds
[    0.432802] Initialise system trusted keyrings
[    0.433457] Key type blacklist registered
[    0.434123] workingset: timestamp_bits=36 max_order=19 bucket_order=0
[    0.435807] zbud: loaded
[    0.436524] squashfs: version 4.0 (2009/01/31) Phillip Lougher
[    0.437616] fuse init (API version 7.26)
[    0.439698] Key type asymmetric registered
[    0.440387] Asymmetric key parser 'x509' registered
[    0.441203] Block layer SCSI generic (bsg) driver version 0.4 loaded (major 246)
[    0.442500] io scheduler noop registered
[    0.443088] io scheduler deadline registered
[    0.443749] io scheduler cfq registered (default)
[    0.444671] ACPI: AC Adapter [AC] (on-line)
[    0.445348] input: Power Button as /devices/LNXSYSTM:00/LNXPWRBN:00/input/input0
[    0.446550] ACPI: Power Button [PWRF]
[    0.447153] input: Sleep Button as /devices/LNXSYSTM:00/LNXSLPBN:00/input/input1
[    0.448344] ACPI: Sleep Button [SLPF]
[    0.449163] Serial: 8250/16550 driver, 32 ports, IRQ sharing enabled
[    0.449504] ACPI: Battery Slot [BAT0] (battery present)
[    0.471010] 00:02: ttyS0 at I/O 0x3f8 (irq = 4, base_baud = 115200) is a 16550A
[    0.473609] Linux agpgart interface v0.103
[    0.475034] loop: module loaded
[    0.475884] scsi host0: ata_piix
[    0.476499] scsi host1: ata_piix
[    0.477031] ata1: PATA max UDMA/33 cmd 0x1f0 ctl 0x3f6 bmdma 0xd000 irq 14
[    0.478024] ata2: PATA max UDMA/33 cmd 0x170 ctl 0x376 bmdma 0xd008 irq 15
[    0.479215] tun: Universal TUN/TAP device driver, 1.6
[    0.480025] PPP generic driver version 2.4.2
[    0.480709] ehci_hcd: USB 2.0 'Enhanced' Host Controller (EHCI) Driver
[    0.481639] ehci-pci: EHCI PCI platform driver
[    0.482319] ehci-platform: EHCI generic platform driver
[    0.483103] ohci_hcd: USB 1.1 'Open' Host Controller (OHCI) Driver
[    0.483961] ohci-pci: OHCI PCI platform driver
[    0.484631] ohci-platform: OHCI generic platform driver
[    0.485408] uhci_hcd: USB Universal Host Controller Interface driver
[    0.486339] i8042: PNP: PS/2 Controller [PNP0303:PS2K,PNP0f03:PS2M] at 0x60,0x64 irq 1,12
[    0.487938] serio: i8042 KBD port at 0x60,0x64 irq 1
[    0.488686] serio: i8042 AUX port at 0x60,0x64 irq 12
[    0.489520] mousedev: PS/2 mouse device common for all mice
[    0.490684] rtc_cmos rtc_cmos: rtc core: registered rtc_cmos as rtc0
[    0.491622] input: AT Translated Set 2 keyboard as /devices/platform/i8042/serio0/input/input2
[    0.492154] rtc_cmos rtc_cmos: alarms up to one day, 114 bytes nvram
[    0.493940] i2c /dev entries driver
[    0.494597] device-mapper: uevent: version 1.0.3
[    0.495367] device-mapper: ioctl: 4.37.0-ioctl (2017-09-20) initialised: [email protected]
[    0.496633] ledtrig-cpu: registered to indicate activity on CPUs
[    0.497804] NET: Registered protocol family 10
[    0.500677] Segment Routing with IPv6
[    0.501313] NET: Registered protocol family 17
[    0.502058] Key type dns_resolver registered
[    0.502865] mce: Using 0 MCE banks
[    0.503363] RAS: Correctable Errors collector initialized.
[    0.504172] sched_clock: Marking stable (504148550, 0)->(652921905, -148773355)
[    0.505538] registered taskstats version 1
[    0.506200] Loading compiled-in X.509 certificates
[    0.508235] Loaded X.509 cert 'Build time autogenerated kernel key: b5b26778eaa3ab3a4a6cee031137706e947d12ad'
[    0.510008] Loaded X.509 cert 'Canonical Ltd. Live Patch Signing: 14df34d1a87cf37625abec039ef2bf521249b969'
[    0.511825] Loaded X.509 cert 'Canonical Ltd. Kernel Module Signing: 88f752e560a1e0737e31163a466ad7b70a850c19'
[    0.513361] blacklist: Loading compiled-in revocation X.509 certificates
[    0.514353] Loaded X.509 cert 'Canonical Ltd. Secure Boot Signing: 61482aa2830d0ab2ad5af10b7250da9033ddcef0'
[    0.515879] Loaded X.509 cert 'Canonical Ltd. Secure Boot Signing (2017): 242ade75ac4a15e50d50c84b0d45ff3eae707a03'
[    0.517463] Loaded X.509 cert 'Canonical Ltd. Secure Boot Signing (ESM 2018): 365188c1d374d6b07c3c8f240f8ef722433d6a8b'
[    0.519067] Loaded X.509 cert 'Canonical Ltd. Secure Boot Signing (2019): c0746fd6c5da3ae827864651ad66ae47fe24b3e8'
[    0.520596] Loaded X.509 cert 'Canonical Ltd. Secure Boot Signing (2021 v1): a8d54bbb3825cfb94fa13c9f8a594a195c107b8d'
[    0.522238] Loaded X.509 cert 'Canonical Ltd. Secure Boot Signing (2021 v2): 4cf046892d6fd3c9a5b03f98d845f90851dc6a8c'
[    0.523820] Loaded X.509 cert 'Canonical Ltd. Secure Boot Signing (2021 v3): 100437bb6de6e469b581e61cd66bce3ef4ed53af'
[    0.525376] Loaded X.509 cert 'Canonical Ltd. Secure Boot Signing (Ubuntu Core 2019): c1d57b8f6b743f23ee41f4f7ee292f06eecadfb9'
[    0.527092] zswap: loaded using pool lzo/zbud
[    0.529866] Key type big_key registered
[    0.530475] Key type trusted registered
[    0.532496] Key type encrypted registered
[    0.533158] AppArmor: AppArmor sha1 policy hashing enabled
[    0.533977] ima: No TPM chip found, activating TPM-bypass! (rc=-19)
[    0.535044] ima: Allocated hash algorithm: sha1
[    0.535794] evm: HMAC attrs: 0x1
[    0.536478]   Magic number: 0:895:227
[    0.537106] acpi PNP0200:00: hash matches
[    0.537819] rtc_cmos rtc_cmos: setting system clock to 2024-07-06 12:12:09 UTC (1720267929)
[    0.539174] BIOS EDD facility v0.16 2004-Jun-25, 0 devices found
[    0.540036] EDD information not available.
[    0.661659] Freeing unused kernel image memory: 2480K
[    0.676062] Write protecting the kernel read-only data: 20480k
[    0.677354] Freeing unused kernel image memory: 2008K
[    0.678460] Freeing unused kernel image memory: 1820K
[    0.682724] x86/mm: Checked W+X mappings: passed, no W+X pages found.
Loading, please wait...
starting version 237
[    0.717699] Fusion MPT base driver 3.04.20
[    0.718416] Copyright (c) 1999-2008 LSI Corporation
[    0.722485] e1000: Intel(R) PRO/1000 Network Driver - version 7.3.21-k8-NAPI
[    0.723514] e1000: Copyright (c) 1999-2006 Intel Corporation.
[    0.724452] Fusion MPT SPI Host driver 3.04.20
[    0.726969] mptbase: ioc0: Initiating bringup
[    0.742080] AVX2 version of gcm_enc/dec engaged.
[    0.742795] AES CTR mode by8 optimization enabled
[    0.980910] input: ImExPS/2 Generic Explorer Mouse as /devices/platform/i8042/serio1/input/input4
[    0.988476] ioc0: LSI53C1030 A0: Capabilities={Initiator}
[    1.941529] scsi host2: ioc0: LSI53C1030 A0, FwRev=00000000h, Ports=1, MaxQ=256, IRQ=20
[    3.053427] scsi 2:0:0:0: Direct-Access     VBOX     HARDDISK         1.0  PQ: 0 ANSI: 5
[    3.092394] scsi target2:0:0: Beginning Domain Validation
[    3.093988] scsi target2:0:0: Domain Validation skipping write tests
[    3.094880] scsi target2:0:0: Ending Domain Validation
[    3.095592] scsi target2:0:0: asynchronous
[    3.096427] scsi 2:0:1:0: Direct-Access     VBOX     HARDDISK         1.0  PQ: 0 ANSI: 5
[    3.365307] scsi target2:0:1: Beginning Domain Validation
[    3.366741] scsi target2:0:1: Domain Validation skipping write tests
[    3.367547] scsi target2:0:1: Ending Domain Validation
[    3.368256] scsi target2:0:1: asynchronous
[    3.370580] sd 2:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg0 type 0
[    3.371295] sd 2:0:0:0: [sda] 83886080 512-byte logical blocks: (42.9 GB/40.0 GiB)
[    3.371356] sd 2:0:1:0: Attached scsi generic sg1 type 0
[    3.373156] sd 2:0:0:0: [sda] Write Protect is off
[    3.373248] sd 2:0:1:0: [sdb] 20480 512-byte logical blocks: (10.5 MB/10.0 MiB)
[    3.374935] sd 2:0:1:0: [sdb] Write Protect is off
[    3.375564] sd 2:0:0:0: [sda] Incomplete mode parameter data
[    3.375607] sd 2:0:1:0: [sdb] Incomplete mode parameter data
[    3.376406] sd 2:0:0:0: [sda] Assuming drive cache: write through
[    3.377084] sd 2:0:1:0: [sdb] Assuming drive cache: write through
[    3.381013]  sda: sda1
[    3.381691] sd 2:0:0:0: [sda] Attached SCSI disk
[    3.385607] sd 2:0:1:0: [sdb] Attached SCSI disk
[    3.399970] e1000 0000:00:03.0 eth0: (PCI:33MHz:32-bit) 02:3b:7b:b7:3b:2d
[    3.401111] e1000 0000:00:03.0 eth0: Intel(R) PRO/1000 Network Connection
[    3.747833] e1000 0000:00:08.0 eth1: (PCI:33MHz:32-bit) 08:00:27:1f:f5:49
[    3.748683] e1000 0000:00:08.0 eth1: Intel(R) PRO/1000 Network Connection
[    3.750130] e1000 0000:00:08.0 enp0s8: renamed from eth1
[    3.764446] e1000 0000:00:03.0 enp0s3: renamed from eth0
Begin: Loading essential drivers ... [    5.168143] raid6: sse2x1   gen()  6694 MB/s
[    5.216180] raid6: sse2x1   xor() 12059 MB/s
[    5.264155] raid6: sse2x2   gen() 12795 MB/s
[    5.312176] raid6: sse2x2   xor() 15307 MB/s
[    5.360148] raid6: sse2x4   gen() 20980 MB/s
[    5.408182] raid6: sse2x4   xor() 11814 MB/s
[    5.456168] raid6: avx2x1   gen() 15321 MB/s
[    5.504174] raid6: avx2x1   xor() 24447 MB/s
[    5.552163] raid6: avx2x2   gen() 28876 MB/s
[    5.600136] raid6: avx2x2   xor() 30673 MB/s
[    5.648156] raid6: avx2x4   gen() 32775 MB/s
[    5.696156] raid6: avx2x4   xor() 16562 MB/s
[    5.696784] raid6: using algorithm avx2x4 gen() 32775 MB/s
[    5.697564] raid6: .... xor() 16562 MB/s, rmw enabled
[    5.698286] raid6: using avx2x2 recovery algorithm
[    5.699552] xor: automatically using best checksumming function   avx       
[    5.701197] async_tx: api initialized (async)
done.
Begin: Running /scripts/init-premount ... done.
Begin: Mounting root file system ... Begin: Running /scripts/local-top ... done.
Begin: Running /scripts/local-premount ... [    5.727176] Btrfs loaded, crc32c=crc32c-intel
Scanning for Btrfs filesystems
done.
Warning: fsck not present, so skipping root file system
[    5.743623] EXT4-fs (sda1): mounted filesystem with ordered data mode. Opts: (null)
done.
Begin: Running /scripts/local-bottom ... done.
Begin: Running /scripts/init-bottom ... done.
[    5.842327] ip_tables: (C) 2000-2006 Netfilter Core Team
[    5.848971] systemd[1]: systemd 237 running in system mode. (+PAM +AUDIT +SELINUX +IMA +APPARMOR +SMACK +SYSVINIT +UTMP +LIBCRYPTSETUP +GCRYPT +GNUTLS +ACL +XZ +LZ4 +SECCOMP +BLKID +ELFUTILS +KMOD -IDN2 +IDN -PCRE2 default-hierarchy=hybrid)
[    5.851728] systemd[1]: Detected virtualization oracle.
[    5.852525] systemd[1]: Detected architecture x86-64.

Welcome to �[1mUbuntu 18.04.6 LTS�[0m!

[    5.856085] systemd[1]: Set hostname to <ubuntu>.
[    5.857881] systemd[1]: Initializing machine ID from random generator.
[    5.858762] systemd[1]: Installed transient /etc/machine-id file.
[    6.007969] systemd[1]: Created slice User and Session Slice.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Created slice User and Session Slice.
[    6.020224] systemd[1]: Reached target System Time Synchronized.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Reached target System Time Synchronized.
[    6.021428] systemd[1]: Reached target Mounting snaps.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Reached target Mounting snaps.
[    6.032190] systemd[1]: Reached target Swap.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Reached target Swap.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Created slice System Slice.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Listening on LVM2 metadata daemon socket.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Listening on Journal Audit Socket.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Reached target User and Group Name Lookups.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Created slice system-serial\x2dgetty.slice.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Listening on /dev/initctl Compatibility Named Pipe.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Set up automount Arbitrary Executab…rmats File System Automount Point.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Listening on Journal Socket (/dev/log).
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Listening on Syslog Socket.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Listening on fsck to fsckd communication Socket.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Reached target Mounted snaps.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Listening on udev Kernel Socket.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Listening on udev Control Socket.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Started Forward Password Requests to Wall Directory Watch.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Listening on LVM2 poll daemon socket.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Listening on Device-mapper event daemon FIFOs.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Reached target Slices.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Listening on Network Service Netlink Socket.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Listening on Journal Socket.
         Starting Create list of required st…ce nodes for the current kernel...
         Mounting Huge Pages File System...
         Starting udev Coldplug all Devices...
         Starting Monitoring of LVM2 mirrors…ng dmeventd or progress polling...
         Starting Journal Service...
         Starting Set the console keyboard layout...
         Mounting Kernel Debug File System...
         Mounting POSIX Message Queue File System...
         Starting File System Check on Root Device...
         Starting Uncomplicated firewall...
         Starting Load Kernel Modules...
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Started Journal Service.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Started Create list of required sta…vice nodes for the current kernel.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Mounted Huge Pages File System.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Mounted Kernel Debug File System.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Mounted POSIX Message Queue File System.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Started Uncomplicated firewall.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Started File System Check Daemon to report status.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Started LVM2 metadata daemon.
         Starting Create Static Device Nodes in /dev...
[    6.211341] Loading iSCSI transport class v2.0-870.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Started udev Coldplug all Devices.
[    6.215406] iscsi: registered transport (tcp)
[    6.223847] iscsi: registered transport (iser)
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Started Load Kernel Modules.
         Starting Apply Kernel Variables...
         Mounting Kernel Configuration File System...
         Mounting FUSE Control File System...
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Started File System Check on Root Device.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Mounted Kernel Configuration File System.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Mounted FUSE Control File System.
         Starting Remount Root and Kernel File Systems...
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Started Create Static Device Nodes in /dev.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Started Monitoring of LVM2 mirrors,…sing dmeventd or progress polling.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Started Apply Kernel Variables.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Started Remount Root and Kernel File Systems.
         Starting udev Kernel Device Manager...
         Starting Flush Journal to Persistent Storage...
         Starting Load/Save Random Seed...
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Started udev Kernel Device Manager.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Started Load/Save Random Seed.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Started Flush Journal to Persistent Storage.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Found device /dev/ttyS0.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Listening on Load/Save RF Kill Switch Status /dev/rfkill Watch.
         Mounting Arbitrary Executable File Formats File System...
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Mounted Arbitrary Executable File Formats File System.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Started Set the console keyboard layout.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Reached target Local File Systems (Pre).
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Reached target Local File Systems.
         Starting Tell Plymouth To Write Out Runtime Data...
         Starting ebtables ruleset management...
         Starting Commit a transient machine-id on disk...
         Starting Set console font and keymap...
         Starting Create Volatile Files and Directories...
         Starting AppArmor initialization...
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Started Dispatch Password Requests to Console Directory Watch.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Reached target Local Encrypted Volumes.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Started Tell Plymouth To Write Out Runtime Data.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Started Commit a transient machine-id on disk.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Started Create Volatile Files and Directories.
         Starting Update UTMP about System Boot/Shutdown...
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Started Update UTMP about System Boot/Shutdown.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Started ebtables ruleset management.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Started AppArmor initialization.
         Starting Load AppArmor profiles managed internally by snapd...
         Starting Initial cloud-init job (pre-networking)...
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Started Load AppArmor profiles managed internally by snapd.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Started Set console font and keymap.
[    7.946229] cloud-init[792]: Cloud-init v. 23.1.2-0ubuntu0~18.04.1 running 'init-local' at Sat, 06 Jul 2024 12:12:16 +0000. Up 7.74 seconds.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Started Initial cloud-init job (pre-networking).
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Reached target Network (Pre).
         Starting Network Service...
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Started Network Service.
         Starting Wait for Network to be Configured...
         Starting Network Name Resolution...
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Started Network Name Resolution.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Reached target Network.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Reached target Host and Network Name Lookups.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Started Wait for Network to be Configured.
         Starting Initial cloud-init job (metadata service crawler)...
[    9.677628] cloud-init[948]: Cloud-init v. 23.1.2-0ubuntu0~18.04.1 running 'init' at Sat, 06 Jul 2024 12:12:18 +0000. Up 9.59 seconds.
[    9.678858] cloud-init[948]: ci-info: ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++Net device info+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
[    9.679956] cloud-init[948]: ci-info: +--------+-------+----------------------------+---------------+--------+-------------------+
[    9.692248] cloud-init[948]: ci-info: | Device |   Up  |          Address           |      Mask     | Scope  |     Hw-Address    |
[    9.692678] cloud-init[948]: ci-info: +--------+-------+----------------------------+---------------+--------+-------------------+
[    9.693132] cloud-init[948]: ci-info: | enp0s3 |  True |         10.0.2.15          | 255.255.255.0 | global | 02:3b:7b:b7:3b:2d |
[    9.708264] cloud-init[948]: ci-info: | enp0s3 |  True | fe80::3b:7bff:feb7:3b2d/64 |       .       |  link  | 02:3b:7b:b7:3b:2d |
[    9.708660] cloud-init[948]: ci-info: | enp0s8 | False |             .              |       .       |   .    | 08:00:27:1f:f5:49 |
[    9.709089] cloud-init[948]: ci-info: |   lo   |  True |         127.0.0.1          |   255.0.0.0   |  host  |         .         |
[    9.709518] cloud-init[948]: ci-info: |   lo   |  True |          ::1/128           |       .       |  host  |         .         |
[    9.709945] cloud-init[948]: ci-info: +--------+-------+----------------------------+---------------+--------+-------------------+
[    9.710355] cloud-init[948]: ci-info: ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++Route IPv4 info+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
[    9.710768] cloud-init[948]: ci-info: +-------+-------------+----------+-----------------+-----------+-------+
[    9.711343] cloud-init[948]: ci-info: | Route | Destination | Gateway  |     Genmask     | Interface | Flags |
[    9.720248] cloud-init[948]: ci-info: +-------+-------------+----------+-----------------+-----------+-------+
[    9.732346] cloud-init[948]: ci-info: |   0   |   0.0.0.0   | 10.0.2.2 |     0.0.0.0     |   enp0s3  |   UG  |
[    9.732748] cloud-init[948]: ci-info: |   1   |   10.0.2.0  | 0.0.0.0  |  255.255.255.0  |   enp0s3  |   U   |
[    9.733172] cloud-init[948]: ci-info: |   2   |   10.0.2.2  | 0.0.0.0  | 255.255.255.255 |   enp0s3  |   UH  |
[    9.744261] cloud-init[948]: ci-info: +-------+-------------+----------+-----------------+-----------+-------+
[    9.744676] cloud-init[948]: ci-info: +++++++++++++++++++Route IPv6 info+++++++++++++++++++
[    9.745045] cloud-init[948]: ci-info: +-------+-------------+---------+-----------+-------+
[    9.760546] cloud-init[948]: ci-info: | Route | Destination | Gateway | Interface | Flags |
[    9.776296] cloud-init[948]: ci-info: +-------+-------------+---------+-----------+-------+
[    9.776716] cloud-init[948]: ci-info: |   1   |  fe80::/64  |    ::   |   enp0s3  |   U   |
[    9.777036] cloud-init[948]: ci-info: |   3   |    local    |    ::   |   enp0s3  |   U   |
[    9.777377] cloud-init[948]: ci-info: |   4   |   ff00::/8  |    ::   |   enp0s3  |   U   |
[    9.788195] cloud-init[948]: ci-info: +-------+-------------+---------+-----------+-------+
[   10.275619] cloud-init[948]: Generating public/private rsa key pair.
[   10.275953] cloud-init[948]: Your identification has been saved in /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key.
[   10.276352] cloud-init[948]: Your public key has been saved in /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key.pub.
[   10.276709] cloud-init[948]: The key fingerprint is:
[   10.276973] cloud-init[948]: SHA256:j+0PDpz45reSRYDqh96RLGQZcPPlh5OXDNnYwQL2OFY root@ubuntu-bionic
[   10.277317] cloud-init[948]: The key's randomart image is:
[   10.288298] cloud-init[948]: +---[RSA 2048]----+
[   10.288520] cloud-init[948]: |  ..o ooE*..     |
[   10.288808] cloud-init[948]: |   ..+.*==+.     |
[   10.289071] cloud-init[948]: |     += *o=      |
[   10.289342] cloud-init[948]: |    =. . +.      |
[   10.289598] cloud-init[948]: |   + o .S.       |
[   10.289822] cloud-init[948]: |    + =o =.      |
[   10.290087] cloud-init[948]: |   . +..=o+      |
[   10.290318] cloud-init[948]: |    . ..++..     |
[   10.290577] cloud-init[948]: |       ooo+o.    |
[   10.290902] cloud-init[948]: +----[SHA256]-----+
[   10.291144] cloud-init[948]: Generating public/private dsa key pair.
[   10.291440] cloud-init[948]: Your identification has been saved in /etc/ssh/ssh_host_dsa_key.
[   10.291801] cloud-init[948]: Your public key has been saved in /etc/ssh/ssh_host_dsa_key.pub.
[   10.292178] cloud-init[948]: The key fingerprint is:
[   10.292432] cloud-init[948]: SHA256:T5/TMrRU9jyQOu9ZwOyl2FzUKk2Ox2n+Cydx5J5DKGc root@ubuntu-bionic
[   10.292775] cloud-init[948]: The key's randomart image is:
[   10.293056] cloud-init[948]: +---[DSA 1024]----+
[   10.293331] cloud-init[948]: |                 |
[   10.293591] cloud-init[948]: |              . .|
[   10.293868] cloud-init[948]: |             o+o.|
[   10.304282] cloud-init[948]: |            +O*= |
[   10.304611] cloud-init[948]: |        S .+=EOBo|
[   10.304859] cloud-init[948]: |         o +@OX o|
[   10.305083] cloud-init[948]: |          ..BOo* |
[   10.305346] cloud-init[948]: |            .+*..|
[   10.305595] cloud-init[948]: |             o .o|
[   10.305841] cloud-init[948]: +----[SHA256]-----+
[   10.316277] cloud-init[948]: Generating public/private ecdsa key pair.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Started Initial cloud-init job (metadata service crawler).
[   10.328481] cloud-init[948]: Your identification has been saved in /etc/ssh/ssh_host_ecdsa_key.
[   10.328948] cloud-init[948]: Your public key has been saved in /etc/ssh/ssh_host_ecdsa_key.pub.
[   10.329249] cloud-init[948]: The key fingerprint is:
[   10.340200] cloud-init[948]: SHA256:jDPOgEPvTwGKgP/OPF2HNl+ny5xigbsAC0UZZVzMSyg root@ubuntu-bionic
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Reached target System Initialization.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Started Discard unused blocks once a week.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Started Daily apt download activities.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Started Daily apt upgrade and clean activities.
[   10.341879] cloud-init[948]: The key's randomart image is:
         Starting LXD - unix socket.
[   10.358804] [�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Listening on cloud-init hotplug hook socket.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Listening on UUID daemon activation socket.
cloud-init[[948]: �[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Started Message of the Day.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Listening on ACPID Listen Socket.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Started Ubuntu Advantage Timer for running repeated jobs.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Listening on Open-iSCSI iscsid Socket.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Listening on D-Bus System Message Bus Socket.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Started Daily Cleanup of Temporary Directories.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Reached target Timers.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Started ACPI Events Check.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Reached target Paths.
+---[ECDSA 256]---+
[   10.360700]          Starting Socket activation for snappy daemon.
cloud-init[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Reached target Network is Online.
[948]: |    o=o=.        |
[   10.361243] cloud-init[948]: |.  .E.o +        |
[   10.361485] cloud-init[948]: |o . o. . .       |[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Reached target Remote File Systems (Pre).

[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Reached target Remote File Systems.
[   10.362012] cloud-init[948]: |.+ = . o.        |
[   10.362191] cloud-init[948]: |. * + = So       |
[   10.362927]          Starting Availability of block devices...
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Reached target Cloud-config availability.
cloud-init[948]: [�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Listening on LXD - unix socket.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Listening on Socket activation for snappy daemon.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Reached target Sockets.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Reached target Basic System.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Reached target Login Prompts (Pre).
|   = * +* o . .  |
         Starting Accounts Service...
[   10.366115] cloud-init[948]: |    +.=o = o o   |
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Started Deferred execution scheduler.
[   10.376416] cloud-init[948]: |   +.o... +o..   |
[   10.388278]          Starting Pollinate to seed the pseudo random number generator...
cloud-init[948]: |    +.. .o .=.   |
[   10.388643] cloud-init[948]: +----[SHA256]-----+         Starting LSB: automatic crash report generation...

[   10.389063] cloud-init[948]: Generating public/private ed25519 key pair.
         Starting Permit User Sessions...
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Started Regular background program processing daemon.
[   10.390425] cloud-init[948]: Your identification has been saved in /etc/ssh/ssh_host_ed25519_key.
[   10.391058] cloud-init[948]:          Starting Login Service...
         Starting LSB: Record successful boot for GRUB...
         Starting Dispatcher daemon for systemd-networkd...
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Started FUSE filesystem for LXC.
         Starting Virtualbox guest utils...
         Starting Snap Daemon...
Your public key has been saved in /etc/ssh/ssh_host_ed25519_key.pub.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Started irqbalance daemon.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Started D-Bus System Message Bus.
[   10.396554] cloud-init[948]: The key fingerprint is:
[   10.397082] cloud-init[948]: SHA256:TtGW7fanqEJUNWj9CAwq/OiJUeIqybL0ZXFv4FmdNOk root@ubuntu-bionic
[   10.408237] cloud-init[948]: The key's randomart image is:
[   10.408536] cloud-init[948]: +--[ED25519 256]--+
[   10.408790] cloud-init[948]: |        .o +o    |
[   10.409034] cloud-init[948]: |   .   . .*oo.   |
[   10.409270] cloud-init[948]: |  . + . .o+=.o   |
[   10.409481] cloud-init[948]: | . o +  .o+.+ .  |
[   10.409741] cloud-init[948]: |  o ...+S. Eo    |
[   10.409993] cloud-init[948]: |.o + .+o*  . .   |
[   10.410241] cloud-init[948]: |=o. oo +.o    . .|
[   10.410490] cloud-init[948]: |+.. o   o    . o |
[   10.420711] cloud-init[948]: |.  .     .... .  |
[   10.436315] cloud-init[948]: +----[SHA256]-----+
         Starting System Logging Service...
         Starting LXD - container startup/shutdown...
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Started Availability of block devices.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Started Permit User Sessions.
         Starting Terminate Plymouth Boot Screen...
         Starting Hold until boot process finishes up...
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Started Hold until boot process finishes up.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Started Terminate Plymouth Boot Screen.
         Starting Set console scheme...
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Started Serial Getty on ttyS0.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Started Login Service.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Started Unattended Upgrades Shutdown.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Started System Logging Service.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Started LSB: automatic crash report generation.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Started Set console scheme.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Created slice system-getty.slice.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Started Getty on tty1.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Reached target Login Prompts.
         Starting Authorization Manager...
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Started LXD - container startup/shutdown.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Started LSB: Record successful boot for GRUB.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Started Authorization Manager.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Started Accounts Service.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Started Virtualbox guest utils.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Started Dispatcher daemon for systemd-networkd.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Started Snap Daemon.
         Starting Wait until snapd is fully seeded...
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Started Pollinate to seed the pseudo random number generator.
         Starting OpenBSD Secure Shell server...
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Started OpenBSD Secure Shell server.
         Starting Time & Date Service...
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Started Time & Date Service.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Created slice User Slice of vagrant.
         Starting User Manager for UID 1000...
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Started Session 1 of user vagrant.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Started User Manager for UID 1000.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Started Wait until snapd is fully seeded.
         Starting Apply the settings specified in cloud-config...
[   13.373097] cloud-init[1565]: Cloud-init v. 23.1.2-0ubuntu0~18.04.1 running 'modules:config' at Sat, 06 Jul 2024 12:12:22 +0000. Up 13.06 seconds.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Started Apply the settings specified in cloud-config.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Reached target Multi-User System.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Reached target Graphical Interface.
         Starting Update UTMP about System Runlevel Changes...
         Starting Execute cloud user/final scripts...
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Started Update UTMP about System Runlevel Changes.
ci-info: no authorized SSH keys fingerprints found for user ubuntu.
<14>Jul  6 12:12:22 cloud-init: #############################################################
<14>Jul  6 12:12:22 cloud-init: -----BEGIN SSH HOST KEY FINGERPRINTS-----
<14>Jul  6 12:12:22 cloud-init: 1024 SHA256:T5/TMrRU9jyQOu9ZwOyl2FzUKk2Ox2n+Cydx5J5DKGc root@ubuntu-bionic (DSA)
<14>Jul  6 12:12:22 cloud-init: 256 SHA256:jDPOgEPvTwGKgP/OPF2HNl+ny5xigbsAC0UZZVzMSyg root@ubuntu-bionic (ECDSA)
<14>Jul  6 12:12:22 cloud-init: 256 SHA256:TtGW7fanqEJUNWj9CAwq/OiJUeIqybL0ZXFv4FmdNOk root@ubuntu-bionic (ED25519)
<14>Jul  6 12:12:22 cloud-init: 2048 SHA256:j+0PDpz45reSRYDqh96RLGQZcPPlh5OXDNnYwQL2OFY root@ubuntu-bionic (RSA)
<14>Jul  6 12:12:22 cloud-init: -----END SSH HOST KEY FINGERPRINTS-----
<14>Jul  6 12:12:22 cloud-init: #############################################################
-----BEGIN SSH HOST KEY KEYS-----
ecdsa-sha2-nistp256 AAAAE2VjZHNhLXNoYTItbmlzdHAyNTYAAAAIbmlzdHAyNTYAAABBBK/hMr9IZfag1hlOkZftDRL15qnW95S0LFaLrPVbZGPlj8Jvr9sXsQAOsR25crwsE6vLy6JUvbH1w+Ll8FeuDQs= root@ubuntu-bionic
ssh-ed25519 AAAAC3NzaC1lZDI1NTE5AAAAIJy379v3uU/PPBukPBt4OxB/l8DVyETXdLc3gCVsGcMX root@ubuntu-bionic
ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAABAQDWcaIawVek4M0JY6ZYupetqZ5b/tLGTTMqWWMgIbCyCJm03VWuBUc3mR+kmpIrWJtQpYy00slByM7FFhex1rk9/Kv2zLi8FHUf+JVJa71muw5PlGPx9/br3wC+dHcxZNo6D8G00jUzoYkc6NYjXyVnopSpU+w6CNDLl3dwBnQ9NXs+IRY2/SrI4iMhWAleM+Tdt7/rtJqMoeezkPpVDyTGY43DwXO1QtE+OcGyLCA5kxaq3k0e4xOXdlXBt80cDqXbdz3B9cv499cXZCCBxN4Z6DIbJaHDsBJHilSOIneZYOdhWW19+KAin5ax2jWSHQPItJlI8wtlEArOxHUQMLwD root@ubuntu-bionic
-----END SSH HOST KEY KEYS-----
[   13.923082] cloud-init[1650]: Cloud-init v. 23.1.2-0ubuntu0~18.04.1 running 'modules:final' at Sat, 06 Jul 2024 12:12:22 +0000. Up 13.79 seconds.
[   13.923650] cloud-init[1650]: Cloud-init v. 23.1.2-0ubuntu0~18.04.1 finished at Sat, 06 Jul 2024 12:12:22 +0000. Datasource DataSourceNoCloud [seed=/dev/sdb][dsmode=net].  Up 13.91 seconds
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Started Execute cloud user/final scripts.
[�[0;32m  OK  �[0m] Reached target Cloud-init target.


Ubuntu 18.04.6 LTS ubuntu-bionic ttyS0

ubuntu-bionic login: 

My guess is that some version should be updated, but I am not quite sure; I may troubleshoot more later.
I will utilize a k3s setup to thinker with Kubernetes, but it would be nice to be able to us the provided study guide and I thought I'd post this in case anyone else encounters it.

Thank you a lot!

Chapter 02

I would suggest updating Exercise 4 in Chapter 02 to reflect the solution for the most recent k8s version.
Issuing Service Account Token

Service Account Tokens no longer get generated automatically and should use the TokenRequest API

➜  RBAC git:(main) ✗ kubectl describe serviceaccount api-access -n apps
Name:                api-access
Namespace:           apps
Labels:              <none>
Annotations:         <none>
Image pull secrets:  <none>
Mountable secrets:   <none>
Tokens:              <none>
Events:              <none>

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