biruk1122 / sorting_algorithms

A sorting algorithm is a set of instructions or a procedure that takes an input list or array and rearranges its elements into a specific order

A sorting algorithm is a set of instructions or a procedure that takes an input list or array and rearranges its elements into a specific order, often either ascending or descending. Sorting is a fundamental operation in computer science and is used in various applications, such as searching, data analysis, and organizing data for efficient retrieval.

There are numerous sorting algorithms, each with its own advantages and disadvantages, and the choice of algorithm depends on factors like the size of the data set, the distribution of data, and the available resources. Some common sorting algorithms include:

Bubble Sort: A simple algorithm that repeatedly steps through the list, compares adjacent elements, and swaps them if they are in the wrong order.

Insertion Sort: Builds the final sorted array one item at a time, iterating through the input and repeatedly inserting each element into its correct position.

Selection Sort: Divides the input into a sorted and an unsorted region, repeatedly selecting the smallest (or largest) element from the unsorted region and moving it to the sorted region.

Merge Sort: A divide-and-conquer algorithm that recursively divides the input into smaller subproblems, sorts them, and then merges the sorted subproblems to produce the final sorted output.

Quick Sort: Another divide-and-conquer algorithm that selects a "pivot" element and partitions the other elements into two sub-arrays according to whether they are less than or greater than the pivot. The sub-arrays are then sorted recursively.

Heap Sort: Uses a binary heap data structure to build a heap and repeatedly extract the maximum (for max-heap) or minimum (for min-heap) element from it to produce a sorted array.

These algorithms have different time and space complexities, and the most suitable algorithm depends on the specific requirements and characteristics of the data being sorted.