This repository has Network automation demo and telemetry demo with EOS devices
Table of content
- Set up an automation VM
- Clone this repository
- Configure EOS devices
- Netmiko
- eAPI (EOS API)
- Ansible
- Pyang
- PyangBind
- gNMIc
- pyGNMI
- TIG stack
We are using this Ubuntu VM for this workshop:
$ lsb_release -a
No LSB modules are available.
Distributor ID: Ubuntu
Description: Ubuntu 18.04.1 LTS
Release: 18.04
Codename: bionic
Run these commands to update the VM and install tools
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get -y upgrade
sudo apt-get install tree snmp python3-pip build-essential libssl-dev libffi-dev python3-dev -y
sudo apt install jq
pip3 install napalm netmiko jsonrpclib-pelix pyang pyangbind ansible==2.9.15 influxdb pygnmi
Check
pip3 list
$ python3 -V
Python 3.6.9
ansible --version
pyang --version
Then install also:
- docker (https://docs.docker.com/engine/install/ubuntu/)
- docker-compose (https://docs.docker.com/compose/install/)
- gnmic (https://gnmic.kmrd.dev./#installation)
Check
docker version
docker-compose version
gnmic version
Clone this repository
And then move to the local directory
cd automation_and_telemetry_demo
Configure all EOS devices for gNMI and SNMP and eAPI
snmp-server community public ro
snmp-server vrf MGMT
username arista secret 0 arista
management api gnmi
transport grpc def
vrf MGMT
provider eos-native
management api http-commands
protocol http
no shutdown
and verify
DC1-LEAF1A#sho management http-server
SSL Profile: none
FIPS Mode: No
QoS DSCP: 0
Log Level: none
CSP Frame Ancestor: None
TLS Protocols: 1.0 1.1 1.2
VRF Server Status Enabled Services
---------- --------------------- ----------------
MGMT HTTPS: port 443 http-commands
DC1-LEAF1A#sho management api gnmi
Octa: enabled
Enabled: Yes
Server: running on port 6030, in MGMT VRF
SSL Profile: none
QoS DSCP: none
no need to enable RESTCONF and NETCONF for this demo
DC1-LEAF1A#sho management api restconf
Enabled: No
Server: Not yet running
SSL Profile: none
QoS DSCP: none
DC1-LEAF1A#sho management api netconf
Enabled: No
Server: Not yet running
DC1-LEAF1A#
Netmiko is a python library to simplify SSH connections to network devices.
So we can use it even when API is disabled on EOS devices (default). As example we can use it to enable API on EOS devices.
From the root of this repository, move to the netmiko directory
cd netmiko
python3 collect_show_commands.py
more "show version.txt"
more "show ip interface brief.txt"
more config.txt
python3 configure_from_file.py
Once the API is enabled, the switch accepts HTTP(S) requests containing a list of EOS commands, and responds with machine-readable output serialized in JSON (served over HTTP or HTTPS).
From the root of this repository, move to the eAPI directory
cd eapi
python3 test1.py
python3 test2.py
We will use the ansible module eos_command and eAPI to run show commands on EOS devices.
From the root of the repository, move to the Ansible directory
cd ansible
Update the inventory.yml file
Update the variables group_vars and host_vars directories
ansible-playbook playbooks/print_version_and_models.yml
Update the list of show commands you want to collect (this is an ansible variable currently defined in the group_vars directory) and execute this playbook:
ansible-playbook playbooks/snapshots.yml
The output of the show commands is saved in the directory snaphots
tree snapshots
To run all the tests (NTP, LLDP, interfaces state, temperature, ...):
ansible-playbook playbooks/tests.yml
This will generate this markdown report and this CSV report
ls reports
more reports/POC-state.md
more reports/POC-state.csv
To run all only some tests, use ansible tags. Examples:
ansible-playbook playbooks/tests.yml --tags lldp
ansible-playbook playbooks/tests.yml --tags "hardware, ntp, reload_cause, arbgp"
pyang is a python program. We can use it to:
- Validate YANG modules against YANG RFCs
- Convert YANG modules into equivalent YIN module (XML)
- Generate a tree representation of YANG models for quick visualization
pip3 freeze | grep pyang
We need YANG files.
From the root of this repository:
git clone https://github.com/openconfig/public.git
ls public
cp public/release/models/*.yang yang_modules/.
cp -R public/release/models/*/*.yang yang_modules/.
cp public/third_party/ietf/*.yang yang_modules/.
It has all the YANG files published on the OpenConfig repository
cd yang_modules/
ls
pyang openconfig-bgp.yang
pyang openconfig-interfaces.yang
A YANG module can be translated into an XML syntax called YIN. The translated module is called a YIN module. The YANG and YIN formats contain equivalent information using different notations: YIN is YANG in XML. A YANG module can be translated into YIN syntax without losing any information.
Example (openconfig-bgp.yin is the YIN equivalent of openconfig-bgp.yang)
pyang openconfig-bgp.yang -f yin -o openconfig-bgp.yin
ls *.yin
pyang openconfig-interfaces.yang -f tree
pyang openconfig-interfaces.yang -f tree --tree-path=/interfaces/interface/state
pyang openconfig-interfaces.yang -f tree --tree-depth=4
pyang openconfig-bgp.yang -f tree --tree-path=/bgp/neighbors --tree-depth=4
pyang openconfig-bgp.yang -f tree --tree-path=/bgp/neighbors/neighbor/config
pyang openconfig-bgp.yang -f tree --tree-path=/bgp/neighbors/neighbor/state --tree-depth=5
pyang openconfig-bgp.yang -f tree --tree-path=/bgp/neighbors/neighbor/afi-safis --tree-depth=6
pyang openconfig-network-instance.yang -f tree --tree-depth=4
pyang openconfig-network-instance.yang -f tree --tree-path=/network-instances/network-instance/protocols/protocol/bgp --tree-depth=6
pyang openconfig-network-instance.yang -f tree --tree-path=/network-instances/network-instance/protocols/protocol/isis --tree-depth=6
PyangBind is a pyang plugin. It generates Python classes from a YANG module: It converts YANG module into a Python module, such that Python can be used to generate data which conforms with the data model defined in YANG.
pip3 freeze | grep pyang
From the root of this repository:
cd yang_modules/
pyang --plugindir $HOME/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pyangbind/plugin/ -f pybind -o oc_bgp.py openconfig-bgp.yang
The above command generated the python module oc_bgp.py from the openconfig-bgp.yang file
ls oc_bgp.py
The file pyangbind_demo.py uses the new python module oc_bgp.py to generate this OpenConfig configuration file
more pyangbind_demo.py
python3 pyangbind_demo.py
more ../gnmi/test.json
This configuration will be loaded later on a switch using the gNMI Set RPC
We will use gNMIc (an open source gNMI client)
gnmic version
From the root of this repository, move to the gNMI directory
cd gnmi/
Lets use the following gNMI RPC: Capabilities, Get, Set, Subscribe.
gnmic -a 10.73.1.107:6030 -u arista -p arista --insecure capabilities
Retrieve a snapshot for a path
gnmic -a 10.73.1.107:6030 -u arista -p arista --insecure get --path "/interfaces/interface[name=Ethernet2]/config/description"
gnmic -a 10.73.1.107:6030 -u arista -p arista --insecure get --path "/interfaces/interface[name=Ethernet1]/config/enabled"
gnmic -a 10.73.1.107:6030 -u arista -p arista --insecure get --path "/network-instances/network-instance[name=default]/protocols/protocol[name=BGP]/bgp"
gnmic -a 10.73.1.107:6030 -u arista -p arista --insecure get --path '/network-instances/network-instance[name=default]/protocols/protocol[name=BGP]/bgp/neighbors'
gnmic -a 10.73.1.107:6030 -u arista -p arista --insecure get --path "network-instances/network-instance[name=default]/protocols/protocol[identifier=BGP]/bgp[afi-safi-name=IPV4_UNICAST]"
gnmic -a 10.73.1.107:6030 -u arista -p arista --insecure get --path "network-instances/network-instance[name=default]/protocols/protocol[identifier=BGP][name=BGP]/bgp/neighbors/neighbor[neighbor-address=172.31.255.8]/afi-safis/afi-safi"
The Set RPC is used to modify states.
The SetRequest message uses the following fields:
- "delete" field: A set of paths which are to be removed from the data tree
- "replace" field: A set of "Update messages" indicating elements of the data tree whose content is to be replaced
- "update" field: A set of "Update messages" indicating elements of the data tree whose content is to be updated
gnmic -a 10.73.1.107:6030 --insecure -u arista -p arista get --path "/interfaces/interface[name=Ethernet1]/config/description"
gnmic -a 10.73.1.107:6030 --insecure -u arista -p arista set --update-path "/interfaces/interface[name=Ethernet1]/config/description" --update-value "gnmi-example"
gnmic -a 10.73.1.107:6030 --insecure -u arista -p arista get --path "/interfaces/interface[name=Ethernet1]/config/description"
sh run int et1
gnmic -a 10.73.1.107:6030 --insecure -u arista -p arista set --update "/interfaces/interface[name=Ethernet3]/config/enabled:::bool:::false"
gnmic -a 10.73.1.107:6030 --insecure -u arista -p arista get --path "/interfaces/interface[name=Ethernet3]/config/enabled"
sh run int et3
gnmic -a 10.73.1.117:6030 --insecure -u arista -p arista get --path '/network-instances/network-instance[name=default]/protocols/protocol[name=BGP]/bgp'
sh run sec bgp
more test.json
gnmic -a 10.73.1.117:6030 --insecure -u arista -p arista set --replace-path '/network-instances/network-instance[name=default]/protocols/protocol[name=BGP]/bgp' --replace-file test.json
gnmic -a 10.73.1.117:6030 --insecure -u arista -p arista get --path '/network-instances/network-instance[name=default]/protocols/protocol[name=BGP]/bgp'
sh run sec bgp
Request to the target to stream values for an OpenConfig path
gnmic -a 10.73.1.107:6030 -u arista -p arista --insecure sub --path '/interfaces/interface[name=Ethernet1]/state/counters'
gnmic -a 10.73.1.107:6030 -u arista -p arista --insecure sub --path '/network-instances/network-instance/protocols/protocol/bgp/'
gnmic -a 10.73.1.107:6030 -u arista -p arista --insecure sub --path '/network-instances/network-instance/protocols/protocol/bgp/neighbors/neighbor[neighbor-address=::133:0:0:2]/state'
gnmic -a 10.73.1.107:6030 -u arista -p arista --insecure sub --path '/network-instances/network-instance[name=default]/protocols/protocol/bgp/neighbors/neighbor[neighbor-address=172.31.255.8]/state'
gnmic -a 10.73.1.107:6030 -u arista -p arista --insecure sub --path '/network-instances/network-instance[name=Tenant_B_WAN_Zone]/protocols/protocol[identifier=BGP][name=BGP]/bgp/neighbors/neighbor[neighbor-address=10.255.254.5]/state'
gnmic -a 10.73.1.107:6030 -u arista -p arista --insecure sub --stream-mode "sample" --sample-interval "5s" --path '/network-instances/network-instance[name=default]/protocols/protocol/bgp/neighbors/neighbor[neighbor-address=172.31.255.8]/state'
Request to the target to stream values for an EOS native path
gnmic -a 10.73.1.107:6030 -u arista -p arista --insecure sub --path "eos_native:/Sysdb/routing/bgp/export/"
Get an EOS show command via gNMI
gnmic -a 10.73.1.107:6030 -u arista -p arista --insecure get --path "cli:/show version"
gnmic -a 10.73.1.107:6030 -u arista -p arista --insecure get --path "cli:/show ip route summary" | jq '.[0].updates[0].values."show ip route summary".totalRoutes'
The above RPC works if the device has this YANG file
You can check this using the Capabilities RPC:
gnmic -a 10.73.1.107:6030 -u arista -p arista --insecure capabilities | grep arista-cli
For more examples about EOS commands and gNMI you can refer to this gist
ls -la
more .gnmic.yml
then
gnmic --config .gnmic.yml subscribe
or
gnmic subscribe
then
more gnmi_output.txt
cd ../yang_modules/
gnmic path --file openconfig-bgp.yang
gnmic path --file openconfig-bgp.yang | wc -l
gnmic path --file openconfig-bgp.yang --path-type gnmi
gnmic path --file openconfig-bgp.yang --types
pyGNMI is a Python implementation of the gNMI client
From the root of this repository, move to the pygnmi directory
cd pygnmi
python3 capabilities.py
python3 get.py
python3 sub.py
python3 update.py
python3 delete.py
Telegraf is an open source collector written in GO. Telegraf collects data and writes them into a database. It is plugin-driven (it has input plugins, output plugins, ...)
InfluxDB is an open source time series database written in GO.
Grafana is an open source tool used to visualize time series data. It supports InfluxDB and other backends. It runs as a web application. It is written in GO.
A TIG stack uses:
- Telegraf to collect data and to write the collected data in InfluxDB.
- InfluxDB to store the data collected.
- Grafana to visualize the data stored in InfluxDB
This Telegraf uses the following plugins:
- gnmi input plugin
- snmp input plugin
- Enum processor plugin
- influxdb output plugin
Use this telegraf fork in order to have Telegraf to overwrite the gnmi timestamp by its local time more details https://gist.github.com/ksator/e36a1be086da6c2239c2c2c0eb9fe300
From the root of this repository:
git clone https://github.com/rski/telegraf
cd telegraf
make docker-image
docker images
We already tested gNMI.
Let's test SNMP:
snmpwalk --version
snmpwalk -v 2c -c public 10.73.1.107 .1.3.6.1.2.1.1.3.0
From the root of this repository, move to the TIG directory
cd TIG
Update the input.yml with the devices details:
vi input.yml
Execute this python script to generate:
- the docker-compose.yml file that starts/stops the TIG stack
- a Telegraf configuration file for each EOS device in the directory telegraf.d
python3 render.py
more docker-compose.yml
ls telegraf.d/
docker-compose up -d
docker-compose ps
docker ps
docker images
docker logs telegraf
docker exec -it telegraf bash
root@d35fed5663c0:/# ls /etc/telegraf
root@d35fed5663c0:/# more /etc/telegraf/telegraf.conf
root@d35fed5663c0:/# ls /etc/telegraf/telegraf.d
root@d35fed5663c0:/# exit
Start an interactive session
docker exec -it influxdb bash
influx
List databases
SHOW DATABASES
Select a database
use arista
List measurements
SHOW MEASUREMENTS
Query ifcounters measurement
SHOW TAG KEYS FROM "ifcounters"
SHOW TAG VALUES FROM "ifcounters" with KEY = "device"
SHOW TAG VALUES FROM "ifcounters" with KEY = "name" WHERE ("device" = 'leaf1')
SELECT * FROM "ifcounters" WHERE "device" = 'leaf1' ORDER BY DESC LIMIT 3
SELECT "in_octets","out_octets", "name" FROM "ifcounters" WHERE "device" = 'leaf1' ORDER BY DESC LIMIT 3
SELECT "in_octets","out_octets", "name" FROM "ifcounters" WHERE ("device" = 'leaf1' AND "name"='Ethernet2' AND time >= now() - 120s)
SELECT "in_octets","out_octets", "name" FROM "ifcounters" WHERE ("device" = 'leaf1' AND "name"=~/Ethernet.*/ AND time >= now() - 120s) GROUP BY "name"
SELECT mean("in_octets")*8 FROM "ifcounters" WHERE ("device" = 'leaf1' AND "name" = 'Ethernet2' AND time >= now() - 10m)
SELECT mean("in_octets")*8 FROM "ifcounters" WHERE ("device" = 'leaf1' AND "name" = 'Ethernet2' AND time >= now() - 10m) GROUP BY time(1m)
SELECT derivative(mean("in_octets"), 1s) *8 FROM "ifcounters" WHERE ("device" = 'leaf1' AND "name" = 'Ethernet2' AND time >= now() - 10m) GROUP BY time(1m)
SELECT derivative(mean("in_unicast_pkts"), 1s) FROM "ifcounters" WHERE ("device" = 'leaf1' AND "name" = 'Ethernet2') AND (time >= now() - 10m) GROUP BY time(1m)
SELECT stddev("in_octets") FROM "ifcounters" WHERE ("device" = 'leaf1' AND ("name" = 'Ethernet1' OR "name" = 'Ethernet2') AND (time >= now() - 10m)) GROUP BY time(1m)
SELECT derivative(stddev("out_octets"), 1s) / 8 FROM "ifcounters" WHERE ("device" =~ /lea.*/ AND "name" =~ /Ethernet[1|2]/ AND (time >= now() - 10m)) GROUP BY time(1m), "device"
Query openconfig_bgp measurement
SHOW TAG KEYS FROM "openconfig_bgp"
SHOW TAG VALUES FROM "openconfig_bgp" WITH KEY = "device"
SHOW TAG VALUES FROM "openconfig_bgp" WITH KEY = "name"
SHOW TAG VALUES FROM "openconfig_bgp" WITH KEY = "name" WHERE "device"='leaf1'
SHOW TAG VALUES FROM "openconfig_bgp" WITH KEY = "neighbor_address" WHERE "device"='leaf1'
SHOW TAG VALUES FROM "openconfig_bgp" WITH KEY = "neighbor_address" WHERE ("device"='leaf1' AND "name" = 'default')
SELECT LAST("neighbors/neighbor/state/session_state") FROM "openconfig_bgp" WHERE ("device"='leaf1' AND "neighbor_address" = '10.255.254.1')
SELECT LAST("neighbors/neighbor/state/session_state") FROM "openconfig_bgp" WHERE ("device"='leaf1') GROUP BY neighbor_address
SELECT LAST("neighbors/neighbor/state/session_state") FROM "openconfig_bgp" WHERE ("device"='leaf1' AND "name" = 'default') GROUP BY neighbor_address
SELECT LAST("neighbors/neighbor/state/session_state") AS session_state FROM "openconfig_bgp" WHERE "name" = 'default' GROUP BY "device", "neighbor_address"
SELECT "device", "neighbor_address", LAST("neighbors/neighbor/state/session_state") AS session_state FROM "openconfig_bgp" WHERE ("device"='leaf1' AND "neighbor_address" = '10.255.254.1')
SELECT "neighbors/neighbor/afi_safis/afi_safi/state/prefixes/received" FROM "openconfig_bgp" WHERE ("device" = 'leaf1' AND "neighbor_address"='10.255.254.1' AND "afi_safi_name"='IPV4_UNICAST') LIMIT 15
SELECT mean("neighbors/neighbor/afi_safis/afi_safi/state/prefixes/sent") FROM "openconfig_bgp" WHERE ("device" = 'leaf1' AND "afi_safi_name" = 'IPV4_UNICAST' AND "name" = 'default') GROUP BY time(1m), "neighbor_address"
SELECT mean("neighbors/neighbor/afi_safis/afi_safi/state/prefixes/sent") FROM "openconfig_bgp" WHERE ("device" = 'leaf1' AND "name" = 'default') GROUP BY time(1m), "neighbor_address", "afi_safi_name"
SELECT mean("neighbors/neighbor/state/messages/sent/UPDATE") FROM "openconfig_bgp" WHERE ("device" = 'leaf1' AND "name" = 'default' AND time >= now() - 10m) GROUP BY "neighbor_address",time(1m)
SELECT COUNT(*) FROM (SELECT LAST("neighbors/neighbor/config/neighbor_address") FROM "openconfig_bgp" GROUP BY "neighbor_address") GROUP BY "device"
exit
exit
pip3 freeze | grep influxdb
from influxdb import InfluxDBClient
influx_client = InfluxDBClient('localhost',8086)
influx_client.query('show databases')
influx_client.query('show measurements', database='arista')
points = influx_client.query("""SELECT "in_octets" FROM "ifcounters" WHERE ("device"='leaf1' AND "name"='Ethernet1') ORDER BY DESC LIMIT 3""", database='arista').get_points()
for point in points:
print(point['in_octets'])
exit()
The datasource is already configured. It uses InfluxDB.
We loaded ready to use dashboards.
We loaded a plugin.
docker exec -it grafana bash
bash-5.0$ more /etc/grafana/provisioning/datasources/datasource.yaml
bash-5.0$ more /etc/grafana/provisioning/dashboards/dashboards.yaml
bash-5.0$ ls /var/tmp/dashboards/
bash-5.0$ ls /var/lib/grafana/plugins
bash-5.0$ exit
We can now use the Grafana GUI. The default username and password are admin/admin, but we changed them to arista/arista. The default port is 3000.
We can use the dashboards we already loaded or we can create new dashborads querying influxDB.
docker-compose down
docker ps
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