[DocDB] Switch all builds to Clang 17 about yugabyte-db

[mbautin]

ASAN issue:

[m-1] ../../../../../../../src/postgres/src/backend/utils/hash/dynahash.c:1078:4: runtime error: call to function strlcpy through pointer to incorrect function type 'void *(*)(void *, const void *, unsigned long)'
[m-1] /net/{test_host_name}/share/code/yugabyte-db8/src/postgres/src/port/../../../../../src/postgres/src/port/strlcpy.c:46: note: strlcpy defined here
[m-1]     #0 0x557263fd54b9 in hash_search_with_hash_value /net/{test_host_name}/share/code/yugabyte-db8/src/postgres/src/backend/utils/hash/../../../../../../../src/postgres/src/backend/utils/hash/dynahash.c:1078:4
[m-1]     #1 0x5572640dadd7 in pg_tzset /net/{test_host_name}/share/code/yugabyte-db8/src/postgres/src/timezone/../../../../../src/postgres/src/timezone/pgtz.c:297:24
[m-1]     #2 0x5572640db337 in pg_timezone_initialize /net/{test_host_name}/share/code/yugabyte-db8/src/postgres/src/timezone/../../../../../src/postgres/src/timezone/pgtz.c:372:21
[m-1]     #3 0x557263ff6006 in InitializeGUCOptions /net/{test_host_name}/share/code/yugabyte-db8/src/postgres/src/backend/utils/misc/../../../../../../../src/postgres/src/backend/utils/misc/guc.c:5846:2
[m-1]     #4 0x55726318f669 in AuxiliaryProcessMain /net/{test_host_name}/share/code/yugabyte-db8/src/postgres/src/backend/bootstrap/../../../../../../src/postgres/src/backend/bootstrap/bootstrap.c:220:3
[m-1]     #5 0x55726371856d in PostgresServerProcessMain /net/{test_host_name}/share/code/yugabyte-db8/src/postgres/src/backend/main/../../../../../../src/postgres/src/backend/main/main.c:226:3
[m-1]     #6 0x557263718d41 in main (/net/{test_host_name}/share/code/yugabyte-db8/build/asan-clang17-dynamic-ninja/postgres/bin/postgres+0x1633d41)
[m-1]     #7 0x7fac3164bd84 in __libc_start_main (/lib64/libc.so.6+0x3ad84) (BuildId: 6d1dc58340cb6c575073da1e2efb8ac2a3cadc23)
[m-1]     #8 0x557262d9e3cd in _start (/net/{test_host_name}/share/code/yugabyte-db8/build/asan-clang17-dynamic-ninja/postgres/bin/postgres+0xcb93cd)
[m-1]