Go is a compiled language, therefore checks a lot before building the code.
You get most errors at compile-time and not at run-time as with scripting languages (like Python).
The Go compiler itself is fast. It allows script like usage of Go as well.
Could be about half speed of a well written C program - not relevant for normal use cases. To get an equivalent "well written C programm" takes much longer than getting the Go program for a specific task.
Go is a managed language making memory leaks impossible.
No explicit memory allocation and free.
Go supports slices, a very light array management struct.
Go has pointers but no pointer arithmetic, making code more reliable this way.
Go is designed to use multi-core machines and single-core ones and allows easy multi-threading and inter-process communication.
Concurrent programming using Go rotines and channels allow efficient program structures.
Parallel execution allows to use the full multicore power of modern systems easyly.