Comments (6)
http://www-01.sil.org/linguistics/GlossaryOflinguisticTerms/WhatIsAnIllocutionaryAct.htm has command, exclamation, question, and statement.
from amr-guidelines.
Definition (http://www-01.sil.org/linguistics/GlossaryOflinguisticTerms/WhatIsAnExclamation.htm)
Here are two senses for exclamation:
- An exclamation, broadly defined, is any utterance made with strong emotion.
- An exclamation, narrowly defined, is a sentence type that is used to express a strong emotional state. It contrasts in syntax or morphology with other sentence types which typically express statements, commands, and questions.
Example (English)
- What a hot summer it was!
Critique (Ulf)
I'm not sure whether either of the two definitions is suitable for AMR.
- It is hard to consistently annotate sentences as "with strong emotion" or without.
- The second definition relies on specific syntactic or morphological properties of a sentence, which we actually try to abstract away from in AMR. The following sentences would have to be annotated differently:
- What a hot summer it was! (exclamation according to def. 2)
- It was such a hot summer (unclear according to def. 2)
- It was a very hot summer. (non-exclamation according to def. 2)
from amr-guidelines.
My interpretation is that "What a hot summer it was!" primarily emphasizes the speech act of expressing-an-opinion (the content is secondary), whereas "It was such a hot summer!" primarily emphasizes the content of the opinion.
(One could quibble over questions and imperatives as well: "Was it a hot summer?" is effectively quite similar to "I wonder whether it was a nice summer." or "Please tell me how hot it was this summer." But the utterance is framed slightly differently for these different modes.)
from amr-guidelines.
So, would the following two sentences be exclamations (since they express an opinion)?
- In my opinion, the summer was very hot.
- I think that the summer was very hot.
Good point about questions and imperatives. Maybe we need to clarify.
- Could you please pass me the tea? (Syntactically a question, semantically an imperative)
- Tell me how old you are. (Syntactically an imperative, semantically a question)
from amr-guidelines.
Here's a proposal:
:mode interjection
should replaceexclamation
and apply only to utterances/parts of utterances that do not consist of a predication or noun phrase: interjections and discourse particles ("Yay!", "Uh-oh", "Brawwwk!", "Hmm", "Well...", "Yes").- We might decide to ignore discourse particles that are part of a larger utterance and do not add any meaning to the utterance.
- For exclamatory speech act constructions like "What an ADJ NOUN!" or "May you VP!", we decide on an appropriate top-level event frame like
opine-01
orcurse-01
. So "In my opinion, the summer was very hot" and "What a hot summer it was!" would have exactly the same AMR, withopine-01
; "I think that the summer was hot" would substitutethink-01
but otherwise have the same structure.
from amr-guidelines.
Consensus discussion
:mode expressive outch! wow! hmm oh ah d'uh! expresses emotions
Not :mode expressive includes yes (as an answer), no, brawwwk
from amr-guidelines.
Related Issues (20)
- Segmenting utterances for speech AMR
- How AMR distinguish passive and active sentence? HOT 2
- What kinds of reasoning can AMR represent? HOT 2
- How to represent Double Negation by automatically modifying AMR? HOT 2
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- Explanation mismatch in README
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- Reification, examples HOT 4
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- Is there an open-source version of the AMR checker? HOT 5
- Ambiguous reification of ":poss" HOT 7
- How represent (novel) predicates not in propbank HOT 2
- Reification of :accompanier, :example in the Table -> switch domain and range? HOT 5
- Reference for citation HOT 2
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from amr-guidelines.